{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/d795719b3s/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Hatcher, Charles"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/289/original/CDCM_Mark_2.1.png?1728486742","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["David J. Sencer CDC Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["2012-02-22"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Dr. Charles Hatcher, Jr. a cardiac surgeon from 1962 until the early 1980s at Emory University. He describes his perspective of the unique relationship Emory University had with the CDC from its earliest days and relates anecdotes about key personnel in some of the historical events involved in the formation of both institutions. Interviewed by Karen Torghele"]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["oral history"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Dr. Charles Hatcher, Jr. a cardiac surgeon from 1962 until the early 1980s at Emory University. He describes his perspective of the unique relationship Emory University had with the CDC from its earliest days and relates anecdotes about key personnel in some of the historical events involved in the formation of both institutions. Interviewed by Karen Torghele"]},"provider":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["David J. Sencer CDC Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["David J. Sencer CDC Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/289/original/CDCM_Mark_2.1.png?1728486742","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/247/443/small/HatcherCharles.jpg?1727919263","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - 20120222_Hatcher_Chrales.mp3"]},"duration":3277.17104,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/247/443/small/HatcherCharles.jpg?1727919263","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-globalhealthchronicles.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/247/443/original/20120222_Hatcher_Chrales.mp3?1722773411","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":3277.17104,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["[AssemblyAI Transcript] 20120222 Hatcher, Chrales [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e I know about the beginning of the CDC is that they had an activity in Atlanta, and then in the like, sixties, they determined that they were going to have a federal agency and they were going to establish the CDC. It was just the CDC at that time for control of prevention came later. But the Eisenhower was president at the time, and he had approved this, and he was playing a round of golf at Augusta national with Mister Woodrow and mentioned to Mister Woodruff that he was going to be establishing this new federal agency, the center for Disease Control. And Mister Woodrow says, you should establish that in Atlanta, down the street from Emory, and I'll give you a site. And he said, well, Bob, all federal agencies are located in Washington. And he said, even more reason to move it to Atlanta, get it out of Washington and so forth. So he subsequently bought this land and gave it to Emory university in order to pass through the tax law. Given the government in those days wasn't very much of a tax write off. But anyway, he gave it to Emory with the proviso that emory then sell it to the government. Now, I don't know exactly what that 50 acres sold for, but I have been told it was less than $50,000 and it was a token payment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=0.32,94.018"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e So it was $10.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=94.018,95.658"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e $10. Okay, well, which is a lot less. Oh, yeah, yeah. Well, we let Wesley woods have that property down there for use for a dollar a year. And I kidded them when I became the CEO of the medical center, I called up Wesley woods and decided to have a little fun. And I said, now we need to rethink this lease arrangement you have. And he said, what do you mean? What do you mean? And he said, you know, Doctor Laney, let us have this for a dollar a year. I said, well, that's right. Doctor Lenny is an ordained Methodist minister, and a dollar a year is not outrageous. But I'm a retired heart surgeon, and a dollar doesn't mean much to me. Oh, they got so frightened. They didn't know what they were going to do, whatever they were. But anyway, that was the deal. And subsequently, when we were able to move the national headquarters of the council society across the street, I didn't own all of that land on the track that they wanted. And of course, the price goes up if you own it 90% or something, and you need that final tent, it becomes very precious. It cost $3 million to put together that site, compared to this site, which is much, much larger for practically nothing. So whatever the deal was. So that was. That was all I know about getting it started as far as Emory was concerned.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=95.658,177.592"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Let me just start. I want to be sure that I have your approval to record this conversation. Okay? And I'm talking to Charles Hatcher. He's a physician at the Emory University Medical center, professor emeritus of cardiac surgery, and did the first surgery on the. To correct the defect on the first blue baby, I understand. And did the first triple battle.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=177.592,204.944"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Three lives at Emory. The first one was a young heart surgeon, and I was in cardiac surgery from 62 until the late seventies, early eighties. And in the late seventies, I became the CEO of the Emory clinic in 77. In 83, I became CEO of the Health Sciences center, and I retired in 96. But I have been retained as a consultant to the board of trustees since that time and put in half an office here at Emory. The CDC was, I thought, when I sized things up in Alsace, was really an unpolished jewel. It was such an obvious asset, but really nobody at that point had done anything significant to exploit it in development at the university and cordial relations, but no more than that. And, you know, if we had something that developed at Emory that was a little epidemic, you have to say if you have a series of infections. One time we had, following open heart surgery, we asked for a team from CDC to come down and analyze our equipment, our blood samples and so forth, and they tracked it down. The technician had suddenly decided to soak some of the transducers in a Zephyrin solution, and that hadn't been done. It's not necessary. And it was contaminated zephyrin. So he was actually infecting the equipment without anybody knowing that he had started doing this, and he thought he was protecting it against possible infection. I was really a little bit disenchanted by that consultation with the CDC, because they said that they have a rule that since this is public money, if they do any kind of study like this, they have to have a little news briefing every Friday afternoon, which lawyers attend. So they would not name the hospital by name, but it was an Atlanta hospital doing open heart surgery, blah, blah, blah. It couldn't have been anybody but Emory at that particular time. So we immediately braced and we had inquiries about suits. We had a tender suit. We did not lose a penny. But it took a great deal of effort and anxiety to defend yourself against this information. So I never call them back to assist me, anything. If it's going to result in a flood of lawsuits every time they find something, we can manage better than that. The second thing was personal. I had not had childhood illnesses. I was an only child in a small town, so I had mumps after I came to Emory, and the people at Emory and infectious diseases called in people from the CDC to be sure that I received the very best. And they had a consultation and decided that I needed a booster of gamma globulin. And they gave me ten cc's in each buttock. And I can remember, boy, I said, you guys have taken my mind entirely off my mom. I don't know if my butt is going to ever be usable again, but this is killing me. But anyway, ten cc's, that is a lot to put in and have one in each bottle. You didn't have any. You couldn't really turn too well. But I did well, I didn't have an orchitis and everything else was fine. When I. Later on, when I became the director of the medical center, I determined two things. One was that we needed to phase out our dental school, which was not making a significant contribution to society at that time. There had been a general decrease in interest in dentistry during that time, seventies and early eighties. Prior to World War Two, every state contiguous with Georgia had contributed to the welfare financially of the dentistry schools, so they could send their citizens here for their dental schools. But one by one, each state around Georgia, Alabama, Florida, South Carolina, Tennessee, even Georgia, establish their own state dental school and withdrew any financial support. So Emory was standing alone, surrounded by state schools as a private school with no significant support. And so the tuition crept up and that made it less attractive and just, there was this general disinterest in dentistry. So we reached the point where the school was running deficit and still had tuition about three times as much as the state schools. And we had a. Let's see, the. What other factor? Oh, we had a. You could get into dental school, and even then they didn't fill the class with gentleman C. In the medical school, we prided ourselves on not interviewing anybody below 3.5 and not taking anybody below 30 sat MSAT. And here we were right next door, and people walk in with a gentleman, see? So I thought, no, this is not really the way it needs to end. Let's pull the flag down and sound taps and let it cease to be an embarrassment. But remember the good days and all the good people who came to Emory to dental school. We were the first dental school in the country to close now. Then over the next decade, they either closed or reduced class size to the extent that ten dental schools would have closed. The second one was interesting enough, was in the midwest. It was a oral Roberts University and oral was able just to call the faculty together and say that God had appeared to him the night before in a dream and told him to close the dental school. So they didn't have any recourse, you know, because this was a divine instruction. At any rate, I closed the dental school and had my eye on the opportunities to establish a school of public health. Emory had an activity in public health, but it was located in the medical school. And I had determined by that time that the medical school was not made up of evil men, but they were not about to give public health programs the same priority that other projects get. I mean, someone come along, they want to have a program on genetics or molecular biology or something like that, that would just go to the head of the ladder if it's comparing about freshwater in Peru or something. But yet it's very important work. But I thought they need their own school, can set their own priorities and emphasize the things that they are interested in, not only important, but maybe not as scientifically sophisticated as some of the projects in the medical school. So my first thought was to establish a feasibility committee to tell me what kind of activity we might have. Would we become a school? Would it be a division within the health sciences center, much like Yerke's primate center? It's not a school, but it's an independent, a division that reports to this office. So I appointed Doctor James Mason, who was the director of the CDC, Doctor William Fage, who had been a director of the CDC and was then the director of the card of Southern, and Doctor Richard Crousey, who was the dean of the medical school at Emory. And they employed Dean Henderson, the Henderson from Johns Hopkins, to be their consultant. So the three of them working with Doctor Henderson.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=204.944,725.94"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Da Henderson. Da Henderson, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=725.94,731.7"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e He was a long time dean at Johns Hopkins School public Health. Anyway, they came back with a report that the opportunities for forming a school were quite real. And I was a little surprised, because in a university structure, you put a lot of pressure on a school. It's taxed according to its budget and pays its share of various things. All of my schools, the components in the health sciences, have large budgets, and therefore we contribute, perhaps unduly or excessively, to certain university projects. For example, the president's home and ground are signed on the basis of your budget. So the health sciences haven't paid 90% of the president's home and ground. You know, maybe it should be. But on the other hand, you can't help but think a new school would be pretty hard to handle. All the prorating that would go out to the school. But they said, no, no, no. You've got such an opportunity here. You really need to go ahead and form a normal school. So about that time we had, okay, we had gotten the cancer society to move here, and they were building a new building, which someone in my office acted as a project director, Mister Bill Todd. And we built the building on budget and on time for them. As a part of that project, the cancer society wanted to build one extra floor, not necessarily that they needed it at that time, but they would need it in the future for future growth. While you're building a building, they wanted to build an unoccupied floor. So I went to a foundation in town and said, look, would you consider. Hey, Ruth, how you doing? Pretty good. How are you? And they say, where were we? I get off track when I'm. Oh, yes. Went to the foundation and asked him, would they consider making a contribution to the cancer society so they could build this extra floor? And they estimated it cost a million dollars. And they said, well, if I felt they should, they would. And then I said, well, would you route it through my office so that I can make the million dollars available to them for this purpose? You know what it's going. You be used for. But I want to get that floor that's unoccupied for my school of public health for five years rent free. And so we worked that out. The money passed through me to the cancer society. The unoccupied floor in the building then became the first home of a school of public health. And that worked out very well. But you realize then that you're sowing yourself out on a limb because you've got to raise the money for the new building and get it built within the five years or the what's going to happen, you know, chaos. So I made a presentation to the fundraising committee of the board in which I told them of my desire to establish a school of public health, taking advantage of the CDC and the opportunities there. And I had worked it out by that time that we could pick up about 150 adjunct professors from the CDC at no cost to the school at Emory because they couldn't accept financial compensation, but they enjoyed the academic, being professor so and so. He works at the CDC, but he's clinical professor, immunology, Emory University School of Medicine. You know, there was a little perk in there for everybody else, but we made that presentation, and I had called on the dean, the person acting as the dean when we were organizing the school, Ray Greenberg, to help me write up a little position paper of what we would do, what we would be able to do with the CDC if we had a school of public health. And I presented that to the board and when I finished, they said, that sounds awfully good. We approved, you know, how do you plan to fund this new school? And I said, well, I have a list of potential donors that I plan to contact and so forth and so forth. And as I returned to my seat, I passed by the chair in which Mister Wayne Rollins was seated. And he reached out and tugged my sleeve and said, charles, don't bother to speak to anybody else about that school. Just come and see me. It sounded like something I would be interested in doing. Well, that was our 1st $10 million from the Rollins family. And we named the school because by that time it's total gift. Emery, the building over here, this research building, other thing, and total 25 million. And the Demery you can name a school for, you know, with 25 million or something like that. The Rawlins family has now given 100, over 100 mates to the School of Public Health. So it's very well established. And they have the CDC, they interact with the people at the CDC. And the CDC is the largest employer of graduates of schools of public health. So not only are these kids here from all over the world to work with people at CDC, but a significant percentage of them ultimately being hired by the CDC to carry out these products. So it's sort of a win win situation. And I'm very proud of the school of public Health. I think it's fine. But Doctor Feige and Carter Summer, they were interested in third world health. And so we'd get into river blindness and various things like that in Africa, and that tied in very well with school, too. So we had the CDC and the cordless summer, and we had had this good activity in public health at Emory. Just graduated, Doctor Eugene Gangarossa was one of the ones that had been very active in that particular area. When I picked Doctor Greenberg as the dean, I had asked that he give me a list of three. And he was a full decade younger than the other two. And, you know, that's the way I feel. I'm instinctually drawn to a bright young person. But now, what you have to do, and keep this in mind personally, if you're going to give young people an early opportunity at leadership, you've got to be willing to make a mid course correction. You can't just marry with no possibility of divorce. If they don't work out, you need to fire them in a year. Or two. Don't, don't let them stick around. Stick around and stick around, because you have an institutional bias against firing anybody or pronouncing them a failure or whatever they are. But I think you can give, it's a wonderful combination if you're willing to let people move to. Ray was 30, I think, when I made him the dean. He's now the president of the medical University of South Carolina. And I just identified him and gave him an opportunity and he took it and run better, you see, but other people, if you're not going to fire somebody when they fail, that's, you know, that's marriage without the possibility of divorce. You better be very careful then whom you select. So you select only mature people, but national reputations so that you're not gambling, you know, what you're getting. But it's always expensive and it's always a possibility that they've done their best work. See, by the time they come to national prominence in their fifties or something like that, you know, they may have passed that by. And I would hear, I stopped using traditional methods, like, you have to put a notice legalist in chronicle of higher education or the publications letting people know a vacancy of dean or professor or whatever it is as available at Emory University, apply to this number of name or something like that. And then the other technique, in addition to publications like it, asks people to call around the country to different people, different friends that they have to see if they have somebody they will recommend to you for, say, being a school of public health. Well, in point of fact, no school really wants to ship out its brightest people. So the people are going to be recommended to you are okay to a point. But they are frequently troublemakers, or they're a little disenchanted, they're hard to deal with, whatever. And so they export them to some other school where they get promoted, and everybody lives happily ever after for a few years until the truth comes out. But you have to still, you know, do touch base like that. But I would have a service advise me to go and identify, you know, a half dozen of the brightest associate professors you can find at major universities. I think these departments are best in these six or ten schools. Try to identify the next. Come on, somebody like that, and then you appoint somebody like that and you gonna win. But if you're gonna appoint an associate professor to be the head of a department, his first big job, you've got to be willing to say, john, I'm sorry this didn't work out the way I'd hoped, and I think you'd be better off if you go into this. This, this Emory has a tradition. I used to joke and say you could fall flat on your face and still survive. You had to absolutely smash the ground practically, because it's such a generous and gracious southern school that it doesn't want to say anything bad about anybody. And so you have people that are kept on maybe as head of a department for 510 years after it's become apparent to everybody that they are a failure. And I like to zip, zip in and out. Anyway, that's what we did. Now then, when doctor, let's see. Ray Greenberg moved over to South Carolina, he was influenced by an appointment I made when the university appointed a search committee to look for Doctor Laney's successor. I was given the opportunity of appointing one person to the search committee. And traditionally, you'd always appoint somebody from medical school. We had this new school, and I thought, well, you know, it's always from the medical school. Why don't I appoint some, somebody from the school of Public Health? And so I asked Doctor Greenberg to serve. And after about three months, he came to see me one afternoon and said, charles, you aren't going to believe the trash is coming through here, thinking they ought to be. The president of this university said, you and I have set our sites much too low. I'm just going to compete for president somewhere, because you will not believe how thin the ranks are at that point. And that's what he did. He moved over to South Carolina as a vice president of academic affairs and then became the president of the school. Did real well. So that gave me an opportunity to appoint somebody. And I was very impressed with Dean Curran, who had been at the CDC for his career, heading up the initial efforts on AIDS. And that seemed like a thing to me. The AIDS story is real interesting. I was on the program committee for the Atlanta Rotary Club at the time, and I suggested this condition of AIDS and thought we should hear something about it. And it wrote there and said, oh, Johnny, are you sure? Isn't that that thing that the homosexuals out in San Francisco have? I said, yes, but it's going to break out shortly now and become a major health issue worldwide. I think we should hear about it. And so they reluctantly agreed to have Jim Curran come down and speak to us on Monday. And fortunately, that weekend, it was on the COVID of Time magazine, impending public disaster and so forth. So they were glad I had preempted the. And so I think Doctor Greenberg was very good at getting the school started. And then I think that Doctor Curran has been outstanding in building the school. So we've been very lucky in those choices.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=731.7,1530.632"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e And what became of Doctor Gangarossa?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=1530.632,1533.96"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e He retired. He's still alive. He and his wife have been most generous to the school, established several scholarship funds and other things. And so they don't have any children, I don't think. And they plan to leave our state or how committed is to the school. We had the second largest number of applicants to public health schools last year. Only Johns Hopkins had a few more than we, but Emory had more than Harvard School of public. Anybody else? And they are well positioned nationwide and well positioned internationally. And the location here, adjacent to the sea, is unique. It was just such a pity that Emery took a long time, I think, in seeing, ooh, ooh, we really need to make some, but you got to figure out how to structure yourself. The CDC was the CDC, and it was then up to Emory to come up with a mechanism for cooperation. And to me, that required a school of public health. Then we worked out that arrangement. So I've been very happy with the school, and I hope the Rawlins family feel that way. Mister Rawlins died before we really got the school underway. But Miss Rollins called me soon after he died and said, I know that Wayne had planned to provide for the school of public health. And so I just want you to know that I'll be pleased to honor that commitment. And don't worry about it. You go full speed ahead. And so see time, you know, 110, another ten. Another ten. You know, this kind of thing. So she's been very generous. And when she died, she lived 94. Randall and Gary have been very generous of the sons, but I think they feel now that they've been sufficiently generous. So let me know that you shouldn't plan to count on their gifts indefinitely. They've given 100 million. And that's about what the family thinks they should do in that situation. And, you know, Mister Rollins has children and grandchildren, so it was different. Mister Woodruff was able to give away so much money because he was born to great wealth. His siblings were equally, almost equally wealthy, so we didn't have to worry about them. He had no children. He outlived Misses WooDRUff, and he had no nephews that he needed to take under his wing to raise or something like that. So he was able to give Emory a lot of money and a lot of people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=1533.96,1714.332"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you know Mister Woodruff?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=1714.332,1716.372"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yes, sure did. The story I tell about Mister Woodruff is it is a picking order. When you come to Atlanta, you would want to be one introduced to Mister Woodruff. And then you'd want to run into Mister WoODRuFf enough so that he would recognize you and call you by name. Kept going, kept going. You began to get a Christmas card, always with an Athos miniboni bird print of a bird that had been seen at get your way plantation. Still more, you begin to get a single red rose on your birthday. No card, no anything, just the red rose, you know, it was sort. Then you'd be invited down to the Coca Cola company to have lunch. Then you would be invited down to Coca Cola frequently enough so that you could know the menu was fixed. Every Monday was the same thing, every Tuesday was the same. Every Wednesday was so you would know what you were going to have so you could comment back as well. What are you going to do today? Well, I'm going down the have lunch with Woodruff. And they say, oh, fried chicken, huh? I mean, you know, that was the code word, but I'm on the inside, too. And then finally, you'd be invited to hunt down at itchy Way. So the pecking order you would go through. Joe Jones was his successor, running things in the foundation and the plantation. And he continued to honor invite the same kind of people that Mister Woodliff had had.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=1716.372,1807.03"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, all that, what do you know about his interest in health and why he became so involved in CDC?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=1807.03,1816.47"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e A lot of people have asked that, and I'm not sure I know have great insight, but I have an idea to one was soon after he bought it away, he realized that the workforce there was very lethargic. And he was that time a trustee at Mrand. He was taking interest in the medical school. So he asked if he could send a group of doctors down to examine his workers to see if they had some problem. It made it very difficult for them to do a day's work, a day's pay. And so they went down and found that a very high percentage had malaria or hook worm or both. And so they were treated for malaria and treated for hook worm, and they improved. All of a sudden. They were very happy, productive workers. Mister Woodrow was very grateful. That's 1 second. He married a girl who was in nursing training, and I think Miss Nell influenced him in that regard. She was from Athens, and she was a student nurse at St. Mary's Hospital when they were dating. And Mister Woodruff would go over every Friday afternoon on the bus to see her. And he would always get on the bus with a dozen red roses and some lady on the bus, said, oh, I certainly would like to have a boyfriend like you that always bring your date roses. And he said, these roses are not for Nell. They are for her supervisor, so I can get her off work tonight. So he's pretty clever even then. And let's see, what else? I think that he thought that his maternal grandmother was not the recipient of the very best of cancer treatment. So in 1938, he had gone to New York to Memorial Hospital, phone Cutter Institute, and asked Professor Ewing if he knew of two young doctors that would like to come to Atlanta to work in a cancer clinic, which he would endow. And he was introduced to doctor Elliot Scarborough and doctor Robert Brown. They had been classmates at Harvard Med School, and they had gone through the rails at memorial. Well, they came and established the winship clinic in 1938. And that's the reason I got the foundation involved in helping with cancer society, because it was the 50th anniversary of Mister Woodrow's first gift to. It made it possible for us to move the national headquarters right down the street from his clinic. So that was an intriguing deal. Well, that didn't improve cancer. He doted on Doctor Scarborough. Doctor Scarborough was very smart, a cagey guy, and he kept Mister Woodruff interest. And so that had started in when the war was over and things settled down. Mister WoOdruFf, don't you think it's time now for us to expand into the Emory clinic, a multidisciplinary clinic? We would not just have a section of cancer, but we'd have a section of everything. And so the Emory clinic was established in 50, 317 doctors. And when I came in 62, the clinic was not quite ten years old, but already it was very successful. And Mister Woodruff built the building, equipped it, but insisted that the university leave the clinic entirely alone. As a master in a free enterprise and entrepreneurship ship and so forth and so forth. Did he put any money in it? And they were not allowed to take any money out, that sort of thing. And they couldn't control it. And so it was a private partnership. It was very successful and existed until 92, I think it was when we began to have to form systems, the hospital and the groups of doctors had to coalesce into a health system that could compete for HMO contracts and so forth. And at that time, it became necessary. Hey, good morning, doctor. It became necessary for the clinic to become a nonprofit foundation the way the hospitals were. So they were all nonprofit. You couldn't have a for profit in partnership with two nonprofits. It would be very difficult to keep the money and the taxes. Taxes, straight. So that worked out. But that's been the big change. I really liked it better when it was a partnership with each doctor having one vote and your leadership didn't have that much authority. That was not bureaucratized too much. And of course, I was the first person. Doctor Scarborough. Doctor Brown had been the head of the clinic from the time they had founded the Winship clan. Then it became the Emory clan. They were the leaders. And when Doctor Brown got old and had to step down, Doctor Scarborough had died. The partners had an opportunity to elect somebody as the CEO, and they elected me. And that was a cute day. They all thought I should be the director. Written ballot, but I got my name on every ballot. So sitting down for me was a wag. And he began to write a little note as soon as he announced the component. And he said, aha. Apparently you can fool all the people all the time. That was cute. Whatever the old.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=1816.47,2178.802"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Do you mind telling me how you got started in medicine and what early life was like for you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2178.802,2184.148"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e And what were they deciding? I grew up during World War Two, and we were very into it. I was 15 and almost 16 when the war was over. And I anticipated having to go to war. You know how that was very patriotic. So our congressman, I was a good student. Congressman had offered me my choice of an appointment to West Point or to Annapolis. And I spent the afternoon with him. And we went over the pros and cons, and we both decided that Annapolis would be a better spot for me than Westbourne. So he gave me the principal appointment to Annapolis, and I qualified by certificate. They exempted me on the insurance exam because of my academic average, and I was healthy, and so no problem. But in June, when I was to enter the academy, on July 1, I received an embarrassing note from the Navy department that they had found out. I realized that I was not going to be old enough. You have to be 17 and a half before you can go to either county. That's still the rule. Today my congressman called, said, not to worry, you can have the appointment for next year, but just do whatever you want to do this year. Well, the University of Georgia had graciously called and offered me an academic scholarship. So I went to Georgia and planned to be there that one year. Took pre med, because that's what you took if you were a good student and you want to keep all your options open. I took pre med. I liked pre med, and I liked all I was hearing about med school. I realized the war was over. I'd seen a lot of patriotic move is. But did I really want to be in peacetime Navy? We had not anticipated the cold war that quickly. We just defeated the Germans and the Japanese, and there was nobody else out there that we thought was a foe. And so I could see a lot of training and a lot of cocktail parties or something like that for a career. We did that, and we. Well, very fortunate. I had a very good average at Georgia. And I was down at the masters golf tournament one year when I was a junior. And because I turned down my formal at the end of my freshman year in college. And much to the chagrin of the people in military science and tactics, but my advisors in pre med thought I was making the right decision anyway. He had already been accepted in medical. He was a year and a quarter ahead of majority. He said, look, at least let me show you the medical school. I know you don't plan to attend here, but, you know, it's really. It'd be fun, and we could still be together and so on. And so as he carried me by the administration building, this little old lady came walking down the steps and he said, oh, Miss Newton. She's the director of admissions here. Let me introduce you to her. So we got out and met Miss Newton. Timing is everything. If she had passed by, we would never stop to meet her. We did. And so he made some flattering comments about me. And she said, is that true? And I said, well, basically. Well, yes, I suppose so. And she said, well, I think he'll take you as a junior. Let me go get you the form. Well, she went back in and came back. It was Saturday afternoon in April. The class was pretty well filled by that time, as you can imagine. And she said, fill these out when you get back to Athens tomorrow night and drop them in the post office. I'll get you down here just as fast as I can. So I filled out the application on Sunday night when we got back from Augusta and dropped it in the post office. Got a telephone call on Tuesday because I come for an interview on Wednesday and got a written acceptance to medical school on Friday. For the first moment I ever thought about going to medical school that year until I was in, was less than a week, so it was fine. So then I went through. I was very confident, I guess you'd have to say, or something like that. When I finished medical school and everybody, what are you going to apply? I said, well, as far as I can until I figured it was me that Johns Hopkins or Harvard or one and two or two in one. They've been the leading institutions for 100 years now, basically, Hopkins, not quite that long. And so they said, well, don't you think you ought to take some, you know, really some safe choices of places you're pretty sure you'll get in? I said, oh, I think I'll. I'll get in. And they said, okay. Okay. So I ended up getting in both places, training in both places, and dividing my residence as a tailor made of just the good parts in Boston, the good parts. At Johns Hopkins, Doctor Blaylock was the chieftain of surgery there, and he had done the world's first blue baby, and that was very exciting to be with him. At Harvard, Doctor Francis Moore was a prank chairman, and he had been on the COVID of Time magazine as the most brilliant surgeon of his generation, stuff like that. And the previous chief at the brigham had been called in by President Roosevelt to take command of the medical forces in Europe. And he set up a headshot shop in London, took a lot of the young surgeons from Boston with him, and they ran that part of World War Two. Johns Hopkins sort of took the South Pacific and worked through MacArthur and sort of looked out, and Emory was active in North Africa and the other italian campaign. Different medical schools were given sort of different areas of the effort, whatever the deal was. And then Doctor Blaylock sort of, you know, it was exciting to do these heart cases. And after I did my first heart case and helped him with this one, he let me feel inside of valve. The heart was still beating and break the adhesions up from rheumatic fever and things like that. I'm afraid I got hooked. So I trained in Laette at Hopkins and cardiac surgery, came down to Emory because I thought I needed to return to Georgia. I'm an older child, and at some point I was going to be responsible for my. And it seemed that I was going to do that. And he very much wanted me to be at Emory if I was coming to Georgia. So it worked out very well, and we came at an awfully good time. In the sixties. It was just everything was being done for the first time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2184.148,2608.69"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e When did you graduate from medical school? When did you graduate from medical school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2608.69,2613.242"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e 54, 54. Came in 62. Two years in the army at Walter Reed, in which I was detached to the nuclear research team and did atomic testing in the Nevada desert and did that and had a wonderful time served. Doctor Moore, who was my chief in Boston, was also the chief surgical to the army surgeon general. So I was a liaison between those laboratories, and we were able to just ease right in my first day here, I did a total correction of tetrality. I'm a Georgia tech student and did well. Second day, I did a constrictive pericarditis. Subsequently, we did first valves, first pacemakers, the first coronary bypass operation. That's now so commonly because of the coronary artery.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2613.242,2679.14"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e So you did a lot of firsts.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2679.14,2681.3"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I just happened to be the guy at the right time. Right. You know, it's the whole time. If I'd come a year later, everybody would have been done. If I'd have come a year earlier, I wouldn't have been able to do it. So, you know, I, I came 62, 63 were awfully good years to pioneer thing. And we had wonderful cardiology. Doctor Hearst and Doctor Loeb. I think Doctor Bishop was one of Doctor Loeb's first cardiology fellows.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2681.3,2712.28"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e I knew Doctor Hearst.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2712.28,2715.48"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e He just died. He wrote the foreword in my book, Olin, the timing. And I think I thanked the people who had helped me with the book by having an affair for them at the house. And Willis was able to come. It was the last time he was able to leave nursing home, but he was a weird old guy. I'm going down to Grady on the 5 May. They've invited me to come down and talk about grading the early days and getting surgery started and stuff like that, cardiac surgery, and I'm looking forward to that. They just be able to talk as a conversation with Doctor Charles, and I'm going to ask them, to ask them some questions, too. But I tell them they had Doctor Hearst and Doctor Swan, doctor Nanette Winger at Grady and doctor Loeb, Doctor Dony and Doctor cobbs out here, and Nanette Winger is the last one that's alive of that group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2715.48,2786.44"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Nanette Winger. I remember studying in graduate school her work on cardiac rehabilitation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2786.44,2793.288"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, the School of Public Health gives an award every year, and they giving her lifetime award this April on the 9th for contributions to the health of women and to the role of exercise and so forth in coronary artery. And that's so nice. She's been a lovely person for a long, long time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2793.288,2823.01"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you, did you know Doctor Langmuir?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2823.01,2825.3"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Mm hmm. He lived across the street from me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2825.3,2829.132"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, he did?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2829.132,2830.292"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Alex Langmuir.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2830.292,2832.54"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Tell me about him.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2832.54,2834.38"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, he was a very distinguished scientist at the CDC. And then after the death of Miss Langmuir, he remarried and accepted a position at the Harvard School of Public Health. They lost a child. They had a balcony on that second level, and somehow she fell off the balcony and was killed. And doctor Langmuir was very upset, but was able to absorb it and still survive. Miss Langmuir was just wiped out and never recovered. She started dying that day and just eased away. Very bad.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2834.38,2878.012"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Did they have other children then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2878.012,2880.02"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e I don't know. It was soon after I moved across the street to. I still live there. I bought that house in 63, and I thought I'd remodeled it and added to it, but it was so convenient that I could. I've been called patients having cardiac arrest by the nurse and able to run over here with the car and leave the car running in the emergency room and so stay parked from it. And I just run in and run right up the intensive canyon. Associated patient without brain damage. I could get them going within five minutes. So I just realized that I needed to. I needed to live nearby. So all these years, I was the closest doctor on the staff at Emory, to Emory, and it was very nice, and we've had a lot of things happen just like that. I'd always stick my head in the emergency room before going home in the evening to make sure there wasn't something pending. And one night I stuck my head in, and just as I did, I saw this man sitting upright on the table. The guy was listening to his heart and all. All of a sudden, his face turns blue and he gets very turgid and all that bit. I just went right over to the guy and said, there's only one thing that'll do that. He interrupted aorta within the pericardium. And I started opening his chest. And lord of mercy was a mess. He had ruptured an infarct. He had had a heart attack four days before, and the scar had gotten soft and ruptured. And there never been a survivor in the world. And so I started trying to sew it together, stop the bleeding or something. By the time I had it under control, we had lost 28 pints. But I did get it closed. And he subsequently lived for quite a number of years and died of something else. And they sent me the autopsy report of some pictures of how it had looked at repair. But that's the. That was the first successful repair of a ruptured ventricle. And just from leaving close spines, taking your head in the emergency room. If a cardiac surgeon hadn't seen that guy and known exactly what. Duke just moved something to me, whatever the deal was. I can remember a nurse one time over there, somebody was having some problem, and I began to tell her what to do. Do this, do this. And so she turned to another nurse who does that fellow think he is? I start to act. He knows who he is. You know, one of the nicest comments I ever had when I was still operating, but Washington, CEO of the medical center. I walked on the floor of the operating room and there was a british surgeon visiting for the day. I think it was Arthur Porritt or somebody like that. And she said, oh, Doctor Hatcher, come out. I'd like for you to meet Sir Arthur. And then he turned to me and. Doctor Hatcher. Sir Arthur. Doctor Hatcher's in charge. Well, he looked me very. Hold on, just what are you in charge of? And she said, everything. Oh, you understood that real quickly. Well, I've enjoyed that, William. Any other questions I can.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=2880.02,3101.9"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e I was going to ask you if there's anything you think I should know that I didn't ask about CDC.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3101.9,3108.438"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, I don't know. I'm sure that with his career at the CDC and now at the School of Public Health, Doctor Curran would be a good one to interview. And Helen Graves is his administrative assistant publicist and does the thing. So I try to call her and get her to set you up, tell her you talk to me. And I think it'd be nice if you would meet with Doctor Curran and her.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3108.438,3142.88"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e My husband was a CDC for 33 years and we used to play tennis with Jim.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3142.88,3148.128"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Oh, yeah.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3148.128,3148.728"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e And Juanita Curran. Yeah, until AIDS. And then we never saw them again.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3148.728,3154.672"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e No.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3154.672,3155.44"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, he's been very busy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3155.44,3159.704"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Been very busy. But he's very humorous and I always enjoy, you know, being with him anywhere.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3159.704,3165.92"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e He's great. So it sounds like your main contribution was the vision you had for tying all the specialties together between CDC and Emory.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3165.92,3177.88"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, and having the vision, it should just take somebody push leave with, you know, so it's so easy. Think, well, wouldn't that be nice if. Okay, what do we do to get. Why don't we get going? If is that good, why don't we do it? We cooperate with Georgia Tech that same way. Everywhere I'd go, we'd have a cocktail party. President Georgia Tech would be there, people would be there. And then also, you know, Emory and Georgia Tech really ought to cooperate more. And so I said one funny, I put my dream down and said, look, let's either cooperate or quit talking about it. I've heard this as long as I've been in Atlanta. Emory and Georgia Tech ought to do this. I said, let's get going. Then they said, well, what do you have in mind? I said, I'll put up $300,000 if you'll put up $300,000 and we will pair investigators. In other words, we won't fund any one investigator. But if there's a tech engineer and a medical scientist work together on a project, they can apply for a seed grant, and that'll get them started. And there'll be money available if you cooperate. And so we did that, and that grew into thing. Hell, we have a shared department now. Biomedical engineering is the coulter department is the only department, I guess, in the country, a private university and a state school sharing a department, and the department head having rang in both schools.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3177.88,3259.888"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Did you work with David Cooper?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3259.888,3261.448"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e It all a little bit.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3261.448,3263.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e Yeah. We know him well. Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3263.0,3268.6"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eA:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you very much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3268.6,3270.336"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003eB:\u003c/strong\u003e And I enjoy talking to you. What I'll do is you have let an adrenaline.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443#t=3270.336,3277.836"}]},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132664/file/247443/transcript/68955/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/068/955/original/transcript_1765565655.vtt20251212-2593616-1y93ci.vtt20251212-2593616-1y93ci?1765565655","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/068/955/original/transcript_1765565655.vtt20251212-2593616-1y93ci.vtt20251212-2593616-1y93ci?1765565655"}]}]}]}