{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/r785h7dn0x/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Hollis, Mark [Speech]"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/289/original/CDCM_Mark_2.1.png?1728486742","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["David J. Sencer CDC Museum"]}},{"label":{"en":["Date"]},"value":{"en":["1992"]}},{"label":{"en":["Description"]},"value":{"en":["Mark Hollis speech during the 46th Anniversary celebration of Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Priscilla Holman introduces Dr. Mason and then Dr. James Mason (former CDC Director) introduces Mark Hollis. \u003cbr\u003eMark Hollis was the Officer in Charge of the Office of Malaria Control in War Areas (MCWA) program and the first Officer in Charge of the Communicable Disease Center (1944-1946). He directed the organization during the change over from MCWA to CDC."]}},{"label":{"en":["Format"]},"value":{"en":["audio"]}},{"label":{"en":["Type"]},"value":{"en":["oral history"]}}],"summary":{"en":["Mark Hollis speech during the 46th Anniversary celebration of Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Priscilla Holman introduces Dr. Mason and then Dr. James Mason (former CDC Director) introduces Mark Hollis. \u003cbr\u003eMark Hollis was the Officer in Charge of the Office of Malaria Control in War Areas (MCWA) program and the first Officer in Charge of the Communicable Disease Center (1944-1946). He directed the organization during the change over from MCWA to CDC."]},"provider":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/aboutus","type":"Agent","label":{"en":["David J. Sencer CDC Museum"]},"homepage":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/","type":"Text","label":{"en":["David J. Sencer CDC Museum"]},"format":"text/html"}],"logo":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/289/original/CDCM_Mark_2.1.png?1728486742","type":"Image"}]}],"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/247/448/small/Hollis_Mark_Speech.jpg?1727919385","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448","type":"Canvas","label":{"en":["Media File 1 of 1 - 1992_Hollis_Mark.mp3"]},"duration":2689.01883,"width":640,"height":40,"thumbnail":[{"id":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/collection_resource_files/thumbnails/000/247/448/small/Hollis_Mark_Speech.jpg?1727919385","type":"Image","format":"image/jpeg"}],"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/content/1","type":"AnnotationPage","items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/content/1/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"painting","body":{"id":"https://aviary-p-globalhealthchronicles.s3.wasabisys.com/collection_resource_files/resource_files/000/247/448/original/1992_Hollis_Mark.mp3?1722773471","type":"Audio","format":"audio/mpeg","duration":2689.01883,"width":640,"height":40},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448","metadata":[]}]}],"annotations":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["[Deepgram Transcript] 1992 Hollis, Mark [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/1","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e0:\u003c/strong\u003e Form this year and that we can have a very productive year. Interpreting for us today is Edward Crafter Since it's beginning, CDC has had many able managers. One of public health's leading, outstanding managerial teams today is Doctor Jim Mason, and Doctor Don Hopkins Doctor Mason, CDC Director and currently Acting Assistant Secretary for Health, and documents don Hawkins deputy director CDC and currently acting director CDC. Both leaders are so good in Third fact that it's difficult to imagine either giving advice to the other. We can think however, that doctor Hopkins might offer one suggestion to doctor Mason.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=0.43665,54.77522"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/2","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e0:\u003c/strong\u003e Excuse me. And that is, doctor Mason, I wish you'd come home, we Doctor Mason is here today, and it is a pleasure to have him introduce our guest. Doctor Mason. Doctor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=54.77522,72.23"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/3","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you, Priscilla. I want all of you to know that it is a great Honor to be asked to introduce the first director of the CDC know, we've had a lot of directors come back, but it isn't often that we get the first director back. And so it's my privilege. You have this opportunity. Doctor William Mercer H.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=72.23,101.52017"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e Mark H as he's known here at CDC. Interestingly is not a physician. We sort of think of previous directors or directors of CDC as being in the health care industry, and indeed, doctor H Smith, But he was an engineer. He attended the university of Georgia where he received a Bachelor of Science degree in civil engineering in 1931. And then the University of Florida conferred to doctorate degree in 1956, and After he graduated from undergraduate school, he worked with Rockefeller Foundation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=101.52017,142.4818"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e Before joining the Public Health service in 1933. Doctor H, during the period of World War 2 was heavily involved in the control of so called tropical diseases that were a menace to our military forces, and it would seem logical that when CDC's forerunner, malaria control in war areas was established here in this Southeastern United States that doctor H would be involved in that activity. And I can see Mary Brook over there. And I think Marion Can almost think back or remember back to those days. We're honored to have him here too.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=142.4818,187.69572"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e And so Doctor H became involved with the very roots, the very foundation of what was to become the comm disease center. And when with the leadership of Lee Bernie, Joseph Mountain and Mark H himself. In 1944, the CDC was established. And doctor H was that first director. And he served during the period of time when CDC was going through its most formative years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=187.69572,221.59573"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e From 19 44 through December of 19 46. That did not end Doctor H careers He continued to serve in the public health service for 15 years. He was an assistant surgeon in general. Chief engineer with the rank of major general. He has served in a number of positions, but I'm just going to outline some of the items that this man, a visionary man was responsible for doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=221.59573,255.67163"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e His early concern even when he was with CDC was with regard to the environment, what were pesticides going to do with the environment. And early in 1950, he became concerned with the unrestricted discharges of heavy metals. As basic biological threats. So he was... He spoke out strongly about the growing significance of chemical pollution in the environment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=255.67163,288.4204"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e So a lot of things that CDC is doing be today with occupational health and safety with environmental health, with the non community disease and infectious disease processes, he was involved in even though CDC had no responsibility, for those areas. He has served with the World Health organization first as chief engineer in Geneva Ser. He's been the chief engineer of the Pan American Health organization from 1974 to 1980. He worked in The state of Florida or was living in the state of Florida where he was a member of the governor's environmental regulation commission. In and served as its vice chairman.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=288.4204,336.30765"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e In 1981 to 1983, in the state of Florida, he was a member of the State Public Health council. Currently, he's a consultant To the public supermarket corporation in Florida. And in that capacity it's worth mentioning that the public supermarket change is owned by doctor H a Son. It's and doctor. H does consultative work for that large supermarket chain.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=336.30765,368.96826"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e It's a great honor, mark to have you come back to CDC and spend time with us? He was willing to take his time and has dictated an oral history so that we go back and capture those formative years of CDC. We do express appreciation for your willingness to come and spend and the day with us, and now I honored to turn the time over to you for your discussion and comments. Like the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=368.96826,413.4095"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Well, thank you very much, doctor Mason and to each of you very warm. Good afternoon. And to our principal collaborators for this session, belly a hot belt. Thank you for this opportunity, this privilege again to be before colleagues at CDC. But first, at the risks sir of being out of water I do wish you would stay in Washington.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=413.4095,448.4781"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e You've got able assistance here. And we need that level handed this and that vision that you're able to give at a point in time when it's really needed. So I venture to take that, but liberty. It's good to be able to get back. Now it's been about 40 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=448.4781,475.35654"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Thereabouts. 1 erosion a time comes about the... It's really astounding, though to get back here and see what has evolved from that very modest beginning of CDC 1945, late 1945 and really in full official existence, in 19 46. And I'm not speaking of the physical facility, our facilities of perhaps should say because their understand there's about 6 or 8 of them. As impressive as these, our I'm speaking of the scientific achievements of the recognition and the contributions that this CDC has made.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=475.35654,523.0511"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e I think it goes perhaps beyond what some of you here realize, the the en inevitable reputation that of CDC nationally and and internationally. Now about this particular session. I was told to get up here and sort of with locks and rem, I think was expression, But I was sure that was just surely. No 1 on your style where unleash and old retiree, un unrivaled, uninstall. Just to get up, relax and rem dick 1 now that's passed the 3 score in 10 plus 7 that that's the age west you asked the time, you have to first explain how you bill a watch.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=523.0511,578.15027"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And how it works and correspondence button then you have forgotten the question. That's about the way it goes. Just few younger people you've got 30-odd years before you realize this, but as a tip off, for the years ahead, you'll know you're getting old when you're... Well have to bend down the tie your shoe. And you begin to ponder there as you do it, what else can I do while I'm down?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=578.15027,606.47906"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Here. When you you know you're getting old when they say when almost everything hurts and what doesn't hurt. Doesn't work. So it's another. Tip-off.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=606.47906,624.1452"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Or when you've reached the age where you know all the answers, but nobody asks the question. So and do any good. Are the old sand, you know, you're getting 17 around the neck, 45 around the waist and about a hundred and 20 around the golf. Course, another indication, and So goes. But I boy have my young colleague here, Scott Char, young chemist who who was a, in spite of his youth, the director of a new department down at the public supermarket chain of quality assurance department at the corporate structure.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=624.1452,663.82135"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e We're trying to educate these corporate executives down there, they better watch their health implications when they get into the manufacturing business is they doing in a big way. Put I brought him on 2 2 counts really. I told him first if I began the drift up and a tangent. He's supposed to look at his watch high in enough so I can spot it, and I'll get try to get back on Bm, best can if I haven't lost my place. And second, he's a bachelor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=663.82135,695.11536"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And I told him I said General know you're were born in Florida a very few P meridian and few F meridian. Most of them transplant Georgian like I am. But I said, I'll take you up there and introduce you found, and maybe 1 of the Georgia girls will take an interest in you, and that will kinda offset the fact that you are Georgia and you went to Van. That'll kinda compensate say, those deficiencies. So he's he's with men will watch out front over, Now I'm not sure what I'm gonna try to do and in a this afternoon was work or not, but I've been wanting seeking enough opportunity to try out something on the...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=695.11536,736.4154"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e In the environmental area of ear how history repeats itself, and I'm gonna right. And after all, you only waste 15 minutes. So you could spare that. But during my W show years and Geneva. We had a very distinguished and noted the east Indian director of our Who Asian region, doctor.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=736.4154,759.8301"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Brewster monte. Yeah. Some of you that have traveled in India perhaps have met him his was, trained in England, but went back home and was in the Indian medical service 1 of the top incidentally, public health mines in India. He told me once and I remembered it he said if you by chance, find yourself. On obstructed up before distinguished peers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=759.8301,789.0873"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e It's good advice. If you will seek reference in distant time and space. And then by all means stick to basics, and you'll get why. So today, that I will attempt to do. And I'll do it on the on the very light side.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=789.0873,811.72784"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Now, for reference, I'm pick a pick 1. I'm sure familiar to all of you. Drop back some 20 2500 years. To hip classic epi observations, and which he linked human illnesses to the heirs and the waters than the land and the, diets and all the related w of external A condition that lasted through the through the centuries. And I'm gonna add 1 other point to this that it was this decade.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=811.72784,853.344"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Hundred years ago this decade that we caught enough of the validation of the germ theory that would spawn the breakthroughs that led, of course, to this great twentieth century advancement in public health and in the well beings of of people. And now with that background, just a few few observations. To me, the environmental ecology pollution syndrome. Falls pretty much and 4 overlapping theories that can be, I think distinguished a bit. The first era is that 2400 years from my ap to some understanding of German infections.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=853.344,898.89825"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e A period when man's principal ally was isolation and the vast resilience. An adaptive capacity of the human organism. So forth had the lin. Pandemics, web continents you recall, and tori infections, and tori diseases were rampant pain, infant mortality, Gas. Life expectancy how at below 30 years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=898.89825,929.91437"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e The second year of 50 This is 1900 to 19 50 of that giant leap forward, having the scientific knowledge and understanding of comm and infectious diseases. In 19 twenties, we got faith crude speaking, state and local health struck just began to take shape it. The third game the mass immunization. The wonder drugs says as benchmarks. Just the quarantine sign began to fade back into the back pages of the history text.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=929.91437,966.02734"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e The, disease that disease yielded to this, onslaught. And I would remind you that environmental controls. Provided the key through these years and water quality management pretty much led the way. And well documented are the accomplishments. The reductions on infant mortality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=966.02734,989.1085"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e There's suppression of childhood diseases. They control of adult journal spawn is, and understanding of the environmental general environmental Back. And these these accomplishments together with the logistics of transport. Alright I I think 1 can say with the confidence is what spurred the mass rule urban mind migration phenomena that took place in this period. And for us in the services 19 2, the Marine Hospital service.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=989.1085,1026.7542"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Pecan the public health and Marine hospital service. Surgeon jerome blue surgeon in general. I was privileged to meet him on my dad, I should have said was in a service of me. He was a medical surgeon. Had experiences in China back when we had hospitals over there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1026.7542,1044.1146"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e We were in different places in the country. He, wound up in new orleans ends at the plague epidemic and so forth. So there were... There's a personal. Bike ground history, and I kind of feel proud of the fact that I knew had met, shaking hands so to speak with certain blue...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1044.1146,1062.8251"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Certain blue and then served directly under 5 surgeon general, from blue, with starting with doctor hugh coming on shellfish research back in the day when we're trying to figure ways to quote pasteur to rise end quote shoulders. I don't dare get off on on that tangent. And pasteur But at other benchmarks is related to the environmental field, of course, was the 19 12 act, which put for the first time. Legally. Federal act water problems, water pollution, stream pollution in the health service.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1062.8251,1101.8385"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And incidentally that was the act that finished the transition of Nand the from the Public health Marine Hospital service. To the public health service. The Pearl Harbor coming as it dead sells totally unexpected. It was no, I think shocked that we got into the conflict, but we didn't anticipate getting into it in that sense. And we wanna get off on that 1 either, but, this opened up a whole quick uv area you were going to have, problems with them with tropical diseases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1101.8385,1141.7928"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e So it he the establishment of Mc, the malaria control in war areas. And the rationale being, of course, over simplified a bit is that, states side. We were gonna have mobile mission and training throughout the sun belt in areas of, malaria, type some dengue, etcetera. And then the war on the Pacific Islands, no question. They is with exposed troops to precedent exposure to tropical diseases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1141.7928,1173.182"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e So the combined 2 was the formation of, Mc There were 3 locations. 3 states thought have for the headquarters of Mc. Atlanta was chosen it was a fourth quarter a headquarters. It was an a rail hub of some note, even in those days, and access to Washington made it quite simple to to move. So it was it became and sort of through away up the war as the, malaria controller Juarez, which was expanded into ty and to the other problems even in nose era Now as early as 19 43, there was some early remarks about the, post.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1173.182,1221.5385"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Mc. What would happen, what would be needed? And 3 things stand out. Talk to Karen felt there would be need to maintain some sur and some tight watch on the emergence of tropical infections as they might might in and migrate to the certainty of the states. The state health departments felt with returning troops there would be an import invitation of comm diseases, and these 2 needed to be watched.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1221.5385,1250.3615"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e There was a uncertainties as to what would happen, and some of the other areas as we got back to, quote, normal in quote, whatever that is. We never reached it, of course. But the other principal factor. The man point that made the decision was a recognition that there was an urgent need for a competent, highly trend, specialized facility that would deal with field investigations that would backup up state health structures. We had the Nih added had emerged as you recall from the all laboratory down east, to the Nih in Washington finally 19 30, and to the Nih of h and 48, but this was the the the thought of and is was is the basic medical research arm of the service.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1250.3615,1317.5051"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e It did feel investigations, yes. But it they did them to support the bench. This new facility as a was vision would be converse converse to that. It would do focus on field investigations. And unusual complex problems.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1317.5051,1334.8062"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e It would do bench research. Yes. What to the extent needed to support the field. It's So you had the 2 sentence. And for the record I wanted to say, doctor Dyer, who was directed Nih at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1334.8062,1349.0686"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Gave his full support, both in service and on the on the hill and congressional hearing, to that concept. And, also for the record, if I may. Their man most directly responsible that provided the greatest force behind like creation of Mc in spite of what you would read in the firm in history was doctor Joseph Mount. And he deserves that, and I'm glad to have this opportunity to to just to say it. Now as to specific functions at the center there were differences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1349.0686,1393.8452"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And perhaps some major 1 was myself, and I... Again, mason with your commission. I'm going to un onboard a little bit of frustration that I've had for 40 years. Where it ought to be un burden right here at the senate. A that, it seemed to me even in those days.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1393.8452,1413.8038"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e These were early CDC days. Now, we had the problems as our outlined that we were gonna focus CDC on for the first year anyway. The era medication to Malaria the suppression of ty is knocked those 2 things out while we had the machinery, and we would get into the creation of the center. But that was to come the second year, and I was assured I had 2 years, and because dark preparing had already told me that I was gonna be brought be brought to washington because he wanted to realign Nih. He wanted to shift the interest sister nih itch from acute the chronic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1413.8038,1450.865"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e He envision what we now face, the cardiac problems, some mental health problems. The cancer, broad cancer problems and so forth. And he said when we're ready for that, but you've got 2 years before we ready, you can start say there for 2 years. I thought I had 2 years, but I didn't I had a less I had about a year. When he wanted to move ahead with that and so went on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1450.865,1475.3436"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e But the the rationale behind my point of view and all frank was we had split the Adam, we had ill defined future outlook as to what we would do with it. But what even in that vague ill Ill definition. There was quite a bit of comprehension. What did we have here? Where are we ready for this sort sort of of of an advancement.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1475.3436,1501.8857"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Now in my own mind, attracting little attention then was the cent molecule. This was producing synthetic war needed synthetic at a fantastic pace. We had the whole canal basin. All overnight, during the war developed into producing synthetic materials. These were petrochemical based, the organics, as waste material, it behaving pretty much like inorganic, long term, to periods of stabilizing and so forth that also, we...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1501.8857,1538.2346"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e That populations were gonna concentrate. That was evident. I'd like to throw in that in 19 8, that was a year I happen to be born if you wonder to how I got my seventh 77. In 19 8, certain girl W. Wrote a memorandum on them and it's a...","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1538.2346,1555.9072"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e I brought a copy, and it's a fantastic thick memo. Hadn't been able... I was going try to bring it out, but I didn't couldn't find it in the files, my own files. It was a memorandum to doctor Kerr, was at that time, it was joined incidentally in the service and his day. But he was sitting surgeon known for research.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1555.9072,1573.605"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And this said, I can quote, I think without missing a word and the first part of it. He said, this is a memo to doctor. Curry he said cities will grow. Memorandum populations will concentrate. Industry will expand.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1573.605,1588.2778"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e There will be all sorts a pollution that will aggregate the human environment. And much of it will have health implication and he instructed doctor Kerr. I'm not trying to quote that part of it to go out and find the center and set up a center that would look in to these physical problems of water supply and street pollution and without going into detail that was a 4 on of Cincinnati and stream sanitation station at that at that point. Well, anyway, the I had less than a year, and I was then ordered back in to Washington, and I outlined this to Doctor Ke. He agreed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1588.2778,1630.8098"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e He told me I could have the 2 years. Move ahead whether he said, promote it. Get it underway, but then, and November, the end of November, early December and 04:46. He called and told me he wanted to move ahead with I and as soon as I could wind up take to help him find a replacement, and he, I was to come up there and we'd move ahead with Lynn Shea topping on the conversion of Nih. So I went up in January 47, and April, that committee was formed, and the, you know the story on that and.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1630.8098,1673.9703"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Now I still hold strongly the conviction. That had CDC and the beginning years, integrated a good solid base with with focus on these environmental stresses, these problems and have done as well with it, and I'm sure they would have, as they have done and did do with infections, lungs that it would have saved the nation. A great deal of the confusion and, mix up and mess, I would call we have in the environmental picture today. These were problems that have deep seated medical are deep issues. And they blown in those and they blonde that they under a strong medical leadership such as you have at CDC, and not as I told lying me when I I'd debate with him on this many times, not out there in the shadows of the cad where we've got.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1673.9703,1744.5553"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Buying And I said, we're we're going to move ahead now and this whole question of radio health and because you and no 1 he'll touch it. We're gonna have... Set it up out of Washington, and it's a wrong place that bonds down at CDC and that history, of course you no. It did come out, and I think the... That's apparel.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1744.5553,1764.0586"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And his stopped did a remarkably good job through those years with radio health Those were back when we were shooting off the park out west, sheep were dying, and we had to... Somebody had to take out. And and this was put over in the service to to move ahead. Well, anyway, I said that after 40 odd years, I've got that off my chest. So Go ahead with this But it was delightful to come down here now and see that you knew that you had broadened out the Nam am, we need not get into.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1764.0586,1805.9008"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e We knew with that when was set, was gonna have to be changed. I think it was remarkable that they got such a fitting name and was he able to salvage its initials that that, had, worked out, But the the point is there's going to be more and more... There'll be more legion air type. Diseases, but there's gonna be more Ed, and with it confusion. I was gonna say a case, but I'll skip over it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1805.9008,1838.205"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e But these need attention. And now with your center for environmental health, I think now that's finally long past in good hands. I'm glad to to note it. Now the third era. We passed through the 2.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1838.205,1853.5197"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e The third era is this mid to the current is. Now this was that fantastic. Leap of technological, change in the United States. From the war bond technologies that were a evolved, put in into practice, and that history too, you know, and the task at that time and the task today. My judgment is to to anticipate and to recognize these evolving trends, like social trends, political trends, economic trends, and then to go back and find these in terms of health impacts, quan them, and develop and understanding, not necessarily do the controls, Leave that to the control group, but understanding that can be applied with a real sense from a prestigious organization to for public use.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1853.5197,1919.43"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e The we've moved, of course, rapidly from, the questions of chronic disease, tie forwards to toxic from, rats to rankings from acute to chronic in this ladder where these wide separation of cars and effect that are so hard to to define. The speed is is and gaining more momentum every day as speed, speed and more speed. You've got decades, cost fighting, times, tele, the world shrinking down, and all of these factors, it's almost a, a the anatomy of future environmental dilemma. And it's and what we have today is just today, and we don't know much of what's gonna happen. So we come to the fourth era and that's up ahead.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1919.43,1980.1014"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Again, III think you'd almost say history is going to repeat itself. We're going to, have more time now, debating these, issues, quarrel among ourselves, much... Of this is gonna get into emotional and extremism that, are hard to to define, legal ism are taking the place a lot of scientific judgments. And so forth, And there's no better way I think to to keep it short and characterize this fourth projection. Then it'll like it to Dna, genetic engineering, this tinkering ring the gl.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=1980.1014,2024.0748"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Whether you like it and all, whether you're ready or not, that Genie is out of the bottle. And there's no more point. I I'll get this before the academy is recently when and they said, we watch it. The the the decision we were fixing the sand forward. The aca will watch it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2024.0748,2040.505"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e National Aca will watch it. If we see any signs, we suggest a legislation that will limit activity. That's not the way the human being is constituted. The seat to find to exploit to use. That's the nature of man and he's going to use it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2040.505,2060.3293"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And if this comes about, then, I think that, the genetic and engineering is is going to open up vista with great potentials and not a little bit of concern. Za lord's preset that do not destroy what you cannot create. We've kinda live by that. Now we see this looming now in reverse, do not create what you cannot destroy. But as I say, this genie is out of the bottle, and we're going to do it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2060.3293,2097.4446"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Now seemingly and winding down here. Thus far, seemingly people are able to live in these congested environments. I think Of them pretty much as the stress induced phenomena. That's kind of coming to focus pretty well, that's the aggravation of congestion of noise, tensions, they mono, drug abuse, accidents, crime. All of that fits this pattern of a changing environment, I wish we had time to to review.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2097.4446,2131.362"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm sure you're familiar with it anyway. There was early research at Nih on rats. If you put 40 rats in a in an environment fix 40 and how healthy and happy and so forth and let them develop and instead of 4400 and see what you get and look at some of that, that grant is different between rats and 9 but sometimes you wonder if this and a connection connecting link there some way. But seemingly, these people can survive in this environment and be reasonably healthy. My part would be this.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2131.362,2165.005"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Is this a real or a pseudo adaptation. And I don't think perhaps we're far enough along in it to do But my question, I don't answer it I just raise it. Do we wait until there are evidence is of, but of social impacts of this and degradation that are physiological measured affecting the affecting man, although we move now to try to reach some understanding, a little bit of our talent, a little bit of our effort, and a portion to understand and maybe ease some of these severe. Another 1 is they're un unsettled, right to grow and to exploit. Now, that's been the history of of our young country.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2165.005,2220.6785"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e The right to grow and exploit or on a collision course. I think we would agree with that as a general hypothesis. And hence they must be somehow... And, within the bounds of technological accommodations. Now if we buy that to the extent we do, then is it not proper or organized health movements to define this a little better.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2220.6785,2248.766"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e To to try to establish some innovative actions that will broaden perhaps, this come this, technological accommodations. Another 1 would be the byproduct level of radioactive ways. It's, now past a half a million tons. So this high level radioactive waste in some sort of containers. We still debate and Worry, and what are we gonna do with it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2248.766,2281.4412"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Where are we gonna store it? And and etcetera, and it's growing every day. Not only in the private sectors, but in a military use and development is and and the creation of by product waste and should not again, health agents is be a little bit more active, and and trying to help to find some, indication of the broad implications of of this. Another I'll wind up on that is the talking with a colleague at General Motors corporation, General Electric. Excuse me.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2281.4412,2322.4377"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e General electric. A cooperation. He tells me that there's no question that their genetic gene splice bug will do what the the press says it'll do on stabilizing oral spills. And here you know, the supreme court decision, you know, where we stand legally on on that business, and that's certainly spa, the research and the genetic engineering, and it's amazing how much is underway, that if this that 1 wonders does pond is again, why can't we use genetic engineering and some of these toxic waste, particularly the ones that have petrochemical based origin. Again, it's a question and if so having safe would it be?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2322.4377,2369.3733"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And again, so it goes. So again, for emphasis now, we live in this complex, changing society. And this what is an age of disco actually, where heels of now replacing the heels of scarcity of yesterday, We're mesh in these complex webs of sophisticated stresses. And these are going to increase, not the diminish. And with all of this, the reactions are gonna involve, the complex of sophisticated effects.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2369.3733,2413.0598"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And the point would leave if we could but resolve some of these differences and could get this channel in the right way, and could, balance the equation, political, technical, and, social that we might put these needed innovative research movements on the fast track, and equate scientific impact against the against the dilemma. Problems multiplying and time is certainly a short. So my final plea and and closing off. Let's keep the scientific, intelligence phased with the issue and keep it on a high scientific plan. Let's press for these needed innovative actions, geared to the major problems and to support that final thought.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2413.0598,2471.5576"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e I'm gonna borrow the tenants, out of Francis bacon. Who you recall helped move man out of the dark into the renaissance, and this sentence our quote. He that will not apply new remedies must expect new evil for time is the greatest innovator. And if time all sings to the worst and wisdom and culture, so not them to the better. What shall be in the end, and that's the thought, the 1 thought I'd like to leave.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2471.5576,2504.2559"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e So now Relative return back to the sidelines where all retirees is long. And but I'm gonna retain the right to watch and sure the criticize and the challenge. And this sign tend to do organization. In Geneva in 19 62, certain drone luther came over to the world assembly. And he asked me said you've been retired about a year now.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2504.2559,2531.3752"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Give me 1 good satisfaction of retirement. And my reply to him was luther them minute. But if you limit me to 1, it's when I stand here and look west across that pond and see how you fellas are really messing up the works over there. And I can speak out freely and so say. And I do it, Luther with not the slightest sense of guilt or sleepless nights.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2531.3752,2559.96"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e Why? Because there's an old retiree, I know no one's gonna pay a damn bit the attention. Say with that I'll sign what it is, Great to be back, and I certainly wish the very best for for CDC. Thank you your. Thank you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2559.96,2591.556"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e Somewhere I don't know who it was said that the true measure of a person's age is not how many years they've lived, but how they react to change. On And I want you to know that we're dealing with a teenager here.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2591.556,2611.6145"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e I haven't yet month I've only been married 58 days a wonderful girl really. And, she was quite worried about coming up here. She said you've got some questions you're haven't looked at them, and you, I'm concerned about it. You're not gonna press any anybody you. And I said honey, 32 years in this service an engineer with medical and a medical environment I had to keep my thighs straight and sure polish, clean shirt to be sure I got mine with impressions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2611.6145,2644.5784"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e And then we joined the Un went to Switzerland, where a 95 percent had to do with impressions, 5 percent technically all rest impression. Now, I'm retired. I'm down here in farther, and I'm going out to Atlanta. And just who the hell is that I'm supposed front. The","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2644.5784,2663.9922"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e1:\u003c/strong\u003e When you've been pressed every 1 of us here and we thank you for coming, and we hope that you'll continue to criticize from the sidelines but not gonna give you any reason to criticize said.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2663.9922,2679.9753"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e2:\u003c/strong\u003e We're","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2679.9753,2683.8843"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\u003cstrong\u003e0:\u003c/strong\u003e Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448#t=2683.8843,2684.8843"}]},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["English [Transcript]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2843/collection_resources/132669/file/247448/transcript/68954/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"subtitling","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/068/954/original/transcript_1765819168.vtt20251215-2593616-i7k2ia.vtt20251215-2593616-i7k2ia?1765819168","format":"text/vtt","language":"en"},"target":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/file_transcripts/associated_files/000/068/954/original/transcript_1765819168.vtt20251215-2593616-i7k2ia.vtt20251215-2593616-i7k2ia?1765819168"}]}]}]}