{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/3/context.json","id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/iiif/s46h12x310/manifest","type":"Manifest","label":{"en":["Marston, Barbara"]},"logo":"https://d9jk7wjtjpu5g.cloudfront.net/organizations/logo_images/000/000/289/original/CDCM_Mark_2.1.png?1728486742","metadata":[{"label":{"en":["Source Metadata URI"]},"value":{"en":["12799"]}},{"label":{"en":["Publisher"]},"value":{"en":["David J. 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I am interviewing Dr. Marston as part","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=12.0,17.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/4","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the oral history project The Early Years of AIDS: CDC's Response to a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=17.0,23.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/5","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Historic Epidemic. We are here to discuss your experience during the early years","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=23.0,28.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/6","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of CDC's work on PEPFAR, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. Dr.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=28.0,33.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/7","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marston, do I have your permission to interview you and to record this interview?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=33.0,39.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/8","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=39.0,40.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/9","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Barbara, you've worked on the HIV/AIDS [human immunodeficiency virus/","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=40.0,44.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/10","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"acquired immunodeficiency syndrome] epidemic since your early days as a medical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=44.0,48.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/11","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"student, resident, and then Infectious Diseases fellow, as an AIDS clinician in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=48.0,53.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/12","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the earliest days of treatment, for CDC and Kenya, pioneering the scale-up of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=53.0,58.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/13","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ART [antiretroviral therapy] in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=58.0,60.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/14","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nAfrica, and then providing scientific leadership","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=60.0,63.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/15","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at CDC headquarters, implementing PEPFAR programs and piloting and scaling up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=63.0,69.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/16","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cotrimoxazole preventive therapy and other treatment for opportunistic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=69.0,73.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/17","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"infections and tuberculosis. You have also provided vision, scientific","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=73.0,78.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/18","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"direction, leadership, and management for a number of the highest-level CDC","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=78.0,84.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/19","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"international public health programs, including the coordinated public health","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=84.0,89.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/20","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"recovery activities in Haiti following the 2010 earthquake and ensuing cholera","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=89.0,95.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/21","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"epidemic, the International Task Force Emergency Response to the Ebola epidemic,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=95.0,101.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/22","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the post epidemic recovery capacity expansion in the West African countries","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=101.0,108.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/23","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Sierra Leone, Liberia, and Guinea in 2014-2016. We have a lot to talk about.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=108.0,116.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/24","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Let's begin with your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=116.0,118.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/25","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nbackground. Would you tell me about where you grew up,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=118.0,121.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/26","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your early family life, and then where you ended up going to college?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=121.0,125.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/27","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I was born in Massachusetts, but we moved early to Pennsylvania outside","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=125.0,129.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/28","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of Philadelphia, and I grew up there. My dad worked for GE [General Electric","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=129.0,133.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/29","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Company]. They have a big office in Valley Forge. Then I went to Franklin \u0026","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=133.0,138.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/30","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Marshall College, which is not too far from there. It's a liberal arts college","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=138.0,142.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/31","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=142.0,143.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/32","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Who or what influenced you to go to medical school, and where did you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=143.0,148.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/33","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"end up going to medical school?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=148.0,150.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/34","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I'm not really sure. I wanted to be a doctor from very early years, as","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=150.0,155.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/35","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"long ago as I can remember. I got a little bit of taste of public health because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=155.0,160.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/36","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was sixteen during the Bicentennial and the Legionella outbreak in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=160.0,163.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/37","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Philadelphia, so I had some awareness of people coming in and investigating that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=163.0,167.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/38","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"outbreak. In fact, the F \u0026 M choice was because they had a reputation for being","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=167.0,172.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/39","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"able to get people into medical school. I ended up going to Temple [University].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=172.0,176.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/40","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't know how I was going to ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=176.0,178.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/41","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nchoose. Pennsylvania had a lot of medical","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=178.0,180.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/42","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"schools. I wanted to go in Pennsylvania because it was less expensive and I'd","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=180.0,185.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/43","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have a better chance of getting in. I didn't know how I would choose, but when I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=185.0,191.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/44","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"went to Temple, it definitely had the right feel, and I ended up going there.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=191.0,196.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/45","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: What years was medical school? Were you actually seeing AIDS patients","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=196.0,200.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/46","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during your medical school experience?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=200.0,202.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/47","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes, that was 1982-1986. It was right during the time when there was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=202.0,207.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/48","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"growing awareness about HIV. It was quite common for a patient to come in very","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=207.0,212.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/49","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ill -- what was it, what was it, oh, and eventually it would work out that (this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=212.0,218.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/50","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patient) was a gay man and that what he had was Pneumocystis pneumonia and that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=218.0,223.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/51","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this was this immunodeficiency that had been described. It was a time when","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=223.0,228.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/52","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people were very uncomfortable talking about it, uncomfortable being on the same","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=228.0,232.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/53","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"floor as the patients with HIV. We had very limited treatment to offer at that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=232.0,237.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/54","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=237.0,237.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/55","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: So, you were seeing some gay patients with pneumocystis. Any other types","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=237.0,241.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/56","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of patients with other diseases that we came to understand were part of it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=241.0,246.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/57","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: That was honestly the main one. There were a few patients with Kaposi's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=246.0,251.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/58","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sarcoma, but pneumocystis presentation with pneumonia that eventually turned out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=251.0,254.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/59","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be HIV-associated was by far the most common thing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=254.0,257.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/60","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Where did you do internship and residency, and what about AIDS during","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=257.0,261.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/61","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that experience?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=261.0,262.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/62","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: For residency, I went out to Portland, Oregon. I had an advisor at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=262.0,267.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/63","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Temple who felt that if you didn't need to stay in the same place and you could","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=267.0,273.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/64","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go elsewhere, you should. He said medicine was different in different parts of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=273.0,277.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/65","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the country. I thought I had no reason that I had to stay in Philadelphia, so I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=277.0,283.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/66","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really looked at the West Coast and very much enjoyed the Portland program when","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=283.0,288.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/67","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I interviewed there. My clinical work there centered around HIV, obviously. We","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=288.0,292.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/68","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"did a range of inpatient training, but my outpatient clinic was an HIV clinic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=292.0,297.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/69","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. I had continued ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=297.0,298.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/70","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nexperience, and it was much of the same thing. That was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=298.0,302.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/71","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"now from '86 to '90, so we were evolving through having some treatment, for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=302.0,307.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/72","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"example, for pneumocystis. (We were) beginning to have AZT [azidothymidine]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=307.0,311.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/73","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"available, but it was the time at which AZT would make you live longer but not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=311.0,317.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/74","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"necessarily better. We really didn't have effective antiretroviral therapy then.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=317.0,321.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/75","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Again, was it the same patient population? Was it mostly gay men with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=321.0,326.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/76","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pneumocystis, or at that point were you seeing a broader array?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=326.0,330.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/77","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was still dominated by gay men. Of course, there were people that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=330.0,335.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/78","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had other risk factors. I particularly remember a patient that had acquired HIV","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=335.0,340.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/79","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"through a blood transfusion. That was a very difficult scene. He presented to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=340.0,345.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/80","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the emergency room actually with a rash from cotrimoxazole that he had taken","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=345.0,350.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/81","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because he hadn't felt well. He had thrush, so it was fairly obvious to me what","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=350.0,356.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/82","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"might be going on. We couldn't get results ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=356.0,359.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/83","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nimmediately, but I had to at least","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=359.0,362.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/84","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"raise the possibility both to him and his wife. It turned out she was also","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=362.0,368.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/85","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"infected. That was one of the examples of a tragic --it was very shortly before","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=368.0,374.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/86","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were blood tests available. If he had his heart surgery delayed a few","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=374.0,380.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/87","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"months, he probably would have had a safer blood supply.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=380.0,384.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/88","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Do you remember the experience of actually telling people that they had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=384.0,389.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/89","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"HIV, and how you went about doing that in those early years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=389.0,394.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/90","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes, absolutely. Most gay men by that time had lost multiple friends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=394.0,399.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/91","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An understanding of the possibility of HIV was pretty common within that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=399.0,404.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/92","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"population, but it was still a very difficult thing to broach. I remember","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=404.0,409.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/93","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talking to my program director. One of my outpatients who wasn't in the HIV","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=409.0,415.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/94","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinic was just there to be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=415.0,418.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/95","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nseen, but he also hadn't been feeling well. He had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=418.0,421.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/96","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thrush, and, of course, I knew right away that that was likely going to turn out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=421.0,426.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/97","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be an HIV diagnosis. It happened so frequently that it was pretty taxing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=426.0,431.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/98","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"emotionally, even for me. Of course, I'm not the one that's sick, but to see","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=431.0,436.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/99","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that many people sick and dying was difficult.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=436.0,439.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/100","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had a lot of challenging issues with things like should you put somebody on a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=439.0,444.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/101","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ventilator. There were people with very strong feelings about whether that was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=444.0,448.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/102","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"appropriate for someone with HIV or not. Again, we were just in that cusp where","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=448.0,453.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/103","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe somebody could get treated for pneumocystis and come off the ventilator.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=453.0,457.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/104","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Most people didn't, and that's what was behind people's feelings about it not","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=457.0,461.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/105","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being appropriate, but it was the evolution of at least having some treatments","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=461.0,465.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/106","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"available for HIV.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=465.0,466.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/107","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Was there concern about infection control, in terms of putting these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=466.0,470.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/108","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patients on a ventilator?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=470.0,471.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/109","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Probably, yes. People had the widest range of feelings about infection","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=471.0,475.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/110","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"control. Some people were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=475.0,476.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/111","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ncavalier and wouldn't even wear gloves, to make the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=476.0,479.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/112","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"point that they were comfortable with people with HIV, and then there were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=479.0,484.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/113","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people that were so frightened. Again, they wouldn't go on the same floor as a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=484.0,489.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/114","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patient with HIV, so (there was) a lot to try and navigate, among especially","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=489.0,494.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/115","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"healthcare providers but also among family and friends.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=494.0,497.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/116","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Were these patients kept in private rooms, or do you remember an","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=497.0,502.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/117","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"evolution of how these patients were cared for in the inpatient setting?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=502.0,506.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/118","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was mixed. Our residency was at a combination of the university","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=506.0,511.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/119","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hospital and the VA [Veterans Affairs] Hospital in Portland, with a few","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=511.0,515.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/120","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"experiences of private hospitals. The VA was largely four-bed wards at the time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=515.0,520.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/121","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"although they opened a brand-new VA in Portland during that time. Then there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=520.0,525.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/122","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were mostly private rooms, so it wasn't really driven by the HIV, it was more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=525.0,530.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/123","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"driven by what was available for everybody.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=530.0,532.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/124","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: This was Portland, Oregon.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=532.0,534.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/125","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=534.0,535.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/126","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: You mentioned the Legionnaire's ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=535.0,537.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/127","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\noutbreak, but (were there) any other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=537.0,539.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/128","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"things that impacted you that got you interested in public health and decided to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=539.0,543.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/129","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"come to CDC?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=543.0,544.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/130","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: There were a few people in my residency that had had experience doing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=544.0,548.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/131","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"public health or working at CDC. [Dr. Thomas J.] Tom Torok in particular had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=548.0,552.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/132","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"gone to that same training program and then done EIS [Epidemic Intelligence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=552.0,556.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/133","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Service]. I got in touch with him and got some information about how to apply. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=556.0,561.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/134","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"got pretty excited about it, which was a little bit of a shift for me. Even","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=561.0,566.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/135","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"though I had wanted to do medicine, I envisioned myself more as an emergency","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=566.0,570.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/136","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"room doctor. That switched during medical school to internal medicine, and then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=570.0,574.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/137","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this public health idea became pretty exciting to me. I applied to EIS, and I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=574.0,579.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/138","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember very clearly when I got the call. It was from Patsy [R.] Bellamy, who","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=579.0,584.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/139","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had one of the strongest Southern accents that I can remember. I wasn't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=584.0,588.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/140","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"necessarily able to understand her well when she spoke, but when she called with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=588.0,592.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/141","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the news, she was obviously very excited, and so I assumed it was a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=592.0,596.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/142","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n positive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=596.0,596.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/143","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"response. At the time, I was cross-country skiing on the back of Mount Hood.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=596.0,601.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/144","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This was in the days of very, very early cell phones, but I carried one because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=601.0,607.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/145","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I was on call for the residency. The phone was, you know, this big (holds hands","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=607.0,613.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/146","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"apart) with the extra-long antenna to go to Mount Hood. There I was with the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=613.0,619.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/147","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"snow and the pine trees, thinking, what am I doing going back to Atlanta?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=619.0,624.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/148","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Actually, going to work for CDC was really pretty exciting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=624.0,628.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/149","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: So, you got to CDC. Where was your EIS assignment, and what did you do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=628.0,634.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/150","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during your EIS?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=634.0,635.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/151","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: That was a (bit) complicated. It was the time that they -- you've","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=635.0,640.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/152","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably heard this about the match. It was described to us as you would get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=640.0,646.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/153","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"matched with the highest position that ranked you, but in fact, there was a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=646.0,651.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/154","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"little bit of a global happiness algorithm. I had met [Dr. Ronald J.] Ron ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=651.0,656.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/155","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nWaldman at the time. I was struggling between whether I really wanted to focus","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=656.0,661.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/156","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"on a research-oriented position or more of a program implementation situation.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=661.0,665.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/157","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"He was very strongly in favor of the program implementation side and basically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=665.0,669.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/158","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"convinced me that I should at least consider the International Health Program","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=669.0,673.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/159","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Office [IHPO]. In the end, I decided no, I'd prefer some of the bread-and-butter","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=673.0,678.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/160","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"enteric diseases, respiratory diseases positions, and I ranked them the highest.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=678.0,682.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/161","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I ended up matching with IHPO. I know it was a little bit of the global","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=682.0,687.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/162","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"happiness algorithm, based on what people have told me since then. Also, right","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=687.0,691.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/163","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before the match was announced, I was told I could switch to any position that I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=691.0,696.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/164","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"wanted that was still open, so I had the impression that they had done something","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=696.0,701.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/165","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little bit unusual.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=701.0,702.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/166","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I have to say, how it evolved was I worked in the International Health Program","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=702.0,707.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/167","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Office for about six months. Then one of the people in the positions that I had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=707.0,712.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/168","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"more strongly desired had to leave EIS, and they let me switch to that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=712.0,717.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/169","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n position.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=717.0,717.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/170","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I am one of the very few people that did EIS in more than one position. I think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=717.0,722.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/171","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"if somebody had offered me at the beginning: would you like to do six months of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=722.0,726.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/172","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"international work and then the rest of the time doing respiratory diseases with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=726.0,730.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/173","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[Dr. Robert F.] Rob Breiman, I would have said yes, absolutely, so I have to say","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=730.0,734.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/174","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it worked out pretty well.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=734.0,735.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/175","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: What did you do for the international assignment?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=735.0,738.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/176","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I did a couple of different projects. The first one was--enhanced","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=738.0,741.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/177","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"surveys were just starting in the U.S. then -- well, not starting. The idea was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=741.0,745.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/178","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"starting that they would take NHANES [National Health and Nutrition Examination","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=745.0,748.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/179","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Survey] ideas and maybe do those in an international context. There was going to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=748.0,752.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/180","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"be a survey like that done in Pakistan. One of the questions was, \"Have you been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=752.0,756.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/181","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"immunized against tetanus.\" That turns out to be a very complex question,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=756.0,759.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/182","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because it's not just \"have you received the vaccine?\", it's \"have you received","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=759.0,763.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/183","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"two in the last two years and are you covered for--?\" There was an uncertainty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=763.0,767.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/184","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about whether the answers to that question would be valid, so we wanted to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=767.0,771.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/185","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some work understanding whether women could accurately report whether they had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=771.0,774.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/186","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"been immunized against ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=774.0,775.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/187","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ntetanus. I was supposed to go and do a survey to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=775.0,779.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/188","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"understand that question. As it turned out, I was in Pakistan at the time, just","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=779.0,784.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/189","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after Benazir Bhutto had been deposed and new elections were coming, and so the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=784.0,789.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/190","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"plans for the --There was going to be a trial of the survey that was delayed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=789.0,795.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/191","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"because of the election. I was supposed to do the trial survey and then compare","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=795.0,800.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/192","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to some clinic records that were supposed to be very high quality. The records","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=800.0,805.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/193","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"turned out to be maybe \"high quality for Pakistan,\" but extraordinarily","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=805.0,809.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/194","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"difficult to understand. Then the survey wasn't done, so the project was a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=809.0,813.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/195","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"little bit underwhelming scientifically.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=813.0,814.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/196","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Did you go over to Pakistan then?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=814.0,817.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/197","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=817.0,818.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/198","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Was that your first international experience?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=818.0,820.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/199","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I would say yes. I had set foot over the border of Mexico and in Canada","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=820.0,826.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/200","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Niagara Falls, but I remember flying to Pakistan, thinking, I'm not even sure","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=826.0,831.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/201","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this place exists.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=831.0,832.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/202","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: How did you do? Did it give you a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=832.0,835.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/203","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nreal taste for international work or--?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=835.0,837.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/204","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was a tricky situation. I went with somebody who was working on the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=837.0,842.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/205","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"survey, but he actually got off in Lahore and I went on to Peshawar by myself.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=842.0,848.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/206","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The person who I was working with there picked me up. I think he was very","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=848.0,854.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/207","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"surprised at my age, which at the time was thirty. All of a sudden, he had a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=854.0,860.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/208","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fairly young American woman on his wing, which was a status symbol. I was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=860.0,865.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/209","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"instantly a status symbol during the course of the time there. Because I treated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=865.0,870.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/210","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him politely, I think he thought that I was in love with him. He did sincerely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=870.0,876.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/211","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ask me to marry him, so that was a fairly uncomfortable working situation in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=876.0,881.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/212","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that regard. Also, I expected to perform well scientifically, and like I said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=881.0,886.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/213","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were some challenges that were beyond my control. I wasn't sure how this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=886.0,891.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/214","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was going to be perceived when I got back.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=891.0,894.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/215","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The other thing that happened, there was a major ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=894.0,897.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/216","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nearthquake while I was there. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=897.0,899.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/217","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was in -- I hired a few women to do a sub survey just to get the tetanus","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=899.0,905.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/218","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"information from a group of people. I was staying at one of their houses, and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=905.0,910.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/219","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's when the earthquake happened. At the time, I was in a bedroom, speaking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=910.0,914.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/220","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with an older man in the family who had a broken hip. The lights went out and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=914.0,919.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/221","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the walls were shaking, and I went, this must be an earthquake. Then I thought,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=919.0,924.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/222","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're supposed to go outside or to a doorway, but I didn't have any","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=924.0,928.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/223","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"instructions in my mind for what you do if you're in a bedroom with a man with a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=928.0,934.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/224","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"broken hip. Luckily, it was blissfully brief. By the time I even thought about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=934.0,938.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/225","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what the possibilities were, the shaking had stopped, so I was able to stay","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=938.0,942.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/226","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there with him. Anyway, it was a big adventure. When I got back, Ron Waldman and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=942.0,947.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/227","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[Dr.] Michael [S.] Deming both said, we were just really seeing if you could get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=947.0,952.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/228","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"across the airport. They didn't seem too frustrated by the quality of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=952.0,956.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/229","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"science. We didn't learn that much about ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=956.0,958.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/230","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nit. I can tell you that women cannot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=958.0,961.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/231","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"accurately tell you if they're immunized against tetanus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=961.0,964.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/232","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Oh, my gosh, that sounds extremely eventful. Any strong memories from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=964.0,968.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/233","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your EIS experience in the Respiratory Diseases Branch?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=968.0,971.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/234","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I ended up being the surveillance officer for Legionella, so that was a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=971.0,976.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/235","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"full-circle experience. That was exciting for me, and then working with Rob","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=976.0,980.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/236","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Breiman was also a great experience. We did some difficult work trying to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=980.0,984.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/237","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"understand the etiologies of pneumonia. The work was in Ohio, but it was really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=984.0,989.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/238","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an effort to understand at a very detailed level what are the etiologies of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=989.0,994.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/239","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"community-acquired and classic pneumonia. For Rob, we had a budget like this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=994.0,998.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/240","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"(small budget), and his idea was about like that (large budget). We were always","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=998.0,1003.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/241","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scraping and stretching, but we got a lot of good work out of that. The other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1003.0,1008.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/242","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"experience was, [Dr.] Kevin [M.] De Cock was the Country Director in Côte","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1008.0,1012.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/243","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"d'Ivoire at the time. He'd come back for a meeting, and somebody asked him,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1012.0,1017.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/244","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\"With what we perceive as all the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1017.0,1019.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/245","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHIV in Africa, are you seeing a lot of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1019.0,1022.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/246","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nontuberculous mycobacteria? Are you seeing a lot of Mycobacterium avium?\" He","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1022.0,1025.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/247","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, \"No, we see a lot of different non-tuberculous mycobacteria--like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1025.0,1028.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/248","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mycobacterium ulcerans.\" I ended up doing an outbreak investigation of M.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1028.0,1031.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/249","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ulcerans, and that meant that I got to meet Kevin and also see some of the work","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1031.0,1036.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/250","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was being done in Côte d'Ivoire at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1036.0,1039.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/251","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Did you learn something about what you enjoy most, or did you enjoy all","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1039.0,1044.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/252","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of it?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1044.0,1045.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/253","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I think that's my problem, right? I've never really wanted to close any","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1045.0,1049.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/254","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doors. As far as I'm concerned, if I can do a little bit of everything, that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1049.0,1054.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/255","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would be fine with me. At the end of EIS, I actually was offered a job in the TB","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1054.0,1060.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/256","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[tuberculosis] group, but there was a big part of me that was afraid to give up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1060.0,1065.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/257","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinical work. I had been in touch with the people at Emory [University] and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1065.0,1069.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/258","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talking about possibly joining their fellowship program. In the end, that's what","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1069.0,1073.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/259","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I decided to do after EIS, because I was afraid to give up ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1073.0,1077.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/260","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nclinical, not because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1077.0,1079.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/261","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I didn't enjoy the public health work. So, I did, and then I went on to do the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1079.0,1088.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/262","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Infectious Disease fellowship at Emory and did clinical work for the next","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1088.0,1094.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/263","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"several years.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1094.0,1095.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/264","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: This was, I guess, 1992, and your fellowship was at Emory in Atlanta. By","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1095.0,1103.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/265","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this time, the AIDS epidemic is full blown. There are three hundred thousand","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1103.0,1110.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/266","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AIDS cases that had been reported, and still over half of them have died.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1110.0,1117.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/267","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There's some AZT treatment. What did you experience regarding HIV/AIDS during","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1117.0,1123.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/268","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"your fellowship, and were you focusing on that group?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1123.0,1128.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/269","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Rates of HIV in Atlanta were high, and the clinic -- I worked in two","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1128.0,1136.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/270","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"big clinics: at the Grady [Memorial Hospital] ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1136.0,1140.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/271","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nHIV Clinic and also at the clinic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1140.0,1143.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/272","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the VA. Both were very large, a mixed population, and with respect to what we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1143.0,1149.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/273","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talked about before, some gay men, some drug users, and a few people with other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1149.0,1155.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/274","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"risk factors. It was very difficult work, because we had very high rates of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1155.0,1160.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/275","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"death. I think at the VA Clinic during that time, we were getting about a death","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1160.0,1166.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/276","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a week out of -- I'm not sure how big the population was then -- maybe about a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1166.0,1173.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/277","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"couple thousand patients in that clinic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1173.0,1175.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/278","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We did have things to offer, and it was during that time that we started having","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1175.0,1181.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/279","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a little bit more to offer with respect to antiretroviral therapy. I stayed on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1181.0,1186.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/280","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the fellowship as a faculty member. It was, I think, 1995 when we really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1186.0,1192.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/281","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"saw the first time when 3TC [lamivudine] was available. If you gave somebody","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1192.0,1197.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/282","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AZT, maybe they died more ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1197.0,1199.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/283","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nslowly, but if you gave somebody AZT and 3TC, they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1199.0,1202.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/284","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"actually got better. It didn't last very long because of resistance issues, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1202.0,1206.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/285","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was the first time we'd seen anybody get up out of their wheelchairs and go","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1206.0,1211.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/286","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back to work or get out of bed or that kind of thing, so it was really exciting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1211.0,1217.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/287","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then we were involved in some early trials of triple therapy, so we had a few","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1217.0,1222.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/288","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patients who were getting triple therapy and the protease inhibitors as what we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1222.0,1226.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/289","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could use at that time. That was just -- it was a sea change for the clinic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1226.0,1232.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/290","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"After the 3TC experience, we got triple therapy essentially the next year. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1232.0,1236.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/291","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would say in '96, we got everybody on triple therapy, and the death rate went","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1236.0,1241.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/292","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"down to more like two a year instead of fifty a year. Just an amazing change.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1241.0,1246.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/293","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Before 3TC was available, during your fellowship, what were the types of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1246.0,1250.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/294","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"illnesses you were seeing?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1250.0,1251.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/295","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: The whole range: lots of pneumocystis, plenty of Kaposi's, plenty of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1251.0,1255.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/296","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"CMV [cytomegalovirus] -- ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1255.0,1256.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/297","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nquite a lot of CMV retinitis.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1256.0,1259.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/298","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: CMV retinitis?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1259.0,1260.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/299","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes, a lot of tuberculosis, your friend or foe, whichever you want to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1260.0,1266.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/300","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"say. A few very interesting things. We had a patient with Castleman's disease,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1266.0,1272.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/301","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"which is maybe another manifestation of KSHV [Kaposi's sarcoma-associated","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1272.0,1276.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/302","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"herpesvirus], the virus that causes Kaposi's. Candida esophagitis, the whole","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1276.0,1280.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/303","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"works. I guess you could either think, oh my gosh, all we have is AIDS patients,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1280.0,1287.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/304","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or you could think, oh my gosh, we have -- today, it's Candida and tomorrow,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1287.0,1294.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/305","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it's CMV, and this day, it's pneumococcus.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1294.0,1297.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/306","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: What were you treating them with? Do you remember some of the drugs that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1297.0,1304.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/307","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were available to you?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1304.0,1306.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/308","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: AZT was obviously the main first one. Bactrim prophylaxis was common by","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1306.0,1312.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/309","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then, so that was something we did for everybody with low CD4 cell ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1312.0,1318.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/310","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ncounts. I'm","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1318.0,1319.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/311","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not sure I'll remember the exact year of introduction. The years I really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1319.0,1324.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/312","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember are in '95 for 3TC, in '96 for the protease inhibitors, and in '97 for Efavirenz.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1324.0,1331.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/313","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Okay.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1331.0,1332.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/314","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Indinavir was the first protease inhibitor that we really had access","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1332.0,1337.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/315","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to. It was an incredibly effective set of drugs, but it was a handful of pills","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1337.0,1343.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/316","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that people had to set their alarms (to take). It was almost like a meal with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1343.0,1349.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/317","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the number of pills, and they had to be taken with a fatty food or on an empty","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1349.0,1356.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/318","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stomach. It was a very complex regimen, but the patients were pretty willing to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1356.0,1361.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/319","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"try and do that. Not everybody, but across the board, I would say people were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1361.0,1367.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/320","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"able to manage taking it, and we saw tremendous improvements clinically in a lot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1367.0,1372.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/321","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of patients.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1372.0,1373.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/322","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Now you're at the VA, an attending at the VA. What ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1373.0,1378.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/323","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nwas the monitoring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1378.0,1379.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/324","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you were using at that time, as you were beginning to give out antiretroviral therapy?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1379.0,1386.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/325","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: We had CD4 cell counts. I don't remember from when exactly, but I think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1386.0,1393.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/326","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was in '96 that viral loads became available. We had them sporadically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1393.0,1399.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/327","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"available early on, and then they evolved into something that we did regularly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1399.0,1405.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/328","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then over the course of that time, we also started to get resistance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1405.0,1411.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/329","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"information. We could get genotypes and phenotypes later in the '90s.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1411.0,1416.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/330","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: What was it like for the patients at that time? What were some of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1416.0,1424.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/331","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"social and cultural factors that were going on as drugs are starting to be available?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1424.0,1431.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/332","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: With the VA population, there's a lot of concurrent social complexities","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1431.0,1437.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/333","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1437.0,1438.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/334","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ngroup-- a lot of poverty and a lot of issues with mental health. Quite","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1438.0,1444.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/335","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a few of our patients were homeless or struggled to find a place to live. A","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1444.0,1451.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/336","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"relatively common phenomenon in Atlanta is that a bisexual man isn't necessarily","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1451.0,1456.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/337","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"open with his female partner about the fact that he has male partners. That was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1456.0,1463.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/338","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a common scenario, to have somebody who got HIV but hadn't been able to disclose","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1463.0,1470.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/339","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to his wife or female partner. (There were) lots of complex medical issues along","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1470.0,1476.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/340","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the HIV, so usually a problem list as long as your arm. (There was) a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1476.0,1483.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/341","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"little bit of evolution over that time where it had been that HIV was the number","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1483.0,1490.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/342","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"one, the big thing, to now, HIV went down the list, and some of these other","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1490.0,1497.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/343","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"diseases became much more ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1497.0,1499.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/344","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n important.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1499.0,1499.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/345","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I stayed on at that clinic, so I'm going to get memories mixed up. I think","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1499.0,1505.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/346","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"probably even after I came back from Kenya, I was going back to seeing patients","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1505.0,1511.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/347","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there. The rule is always if the patient had HIV, they came to the HIV clinic","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1511.0,1517.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/348","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"regardless of what other medical problems they had. We would get somebody with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1517.0,1522.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/349","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an implanted defibrillator, and they would be my primary patient because they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1522.0,1527.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/350","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had HIV, even if their HIV was fully suppressed, fully controlled. Yet, they had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1527.0,1532.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/351","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these cardiac problems. That was a vestige of how in the early days nobody felt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1532.0,1538.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/352","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"comfortable with the patients with HIV except for our group.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1538.0,1542.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/353","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Who were some of your colleagues at the VA and at your other clinic?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1542.0,1548.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/354","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: [Dr. David] Dave Rimland was probably the main one. He's retired now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1548.0,1553.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/355","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but was a giant in the HIV world. He had the foresight to really ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1553.0,1558.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/356","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ncollect a lot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1558.0,1559.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/357","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of -- he got permission early on to collect standard information about all the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1559.0,1563.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/358","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patients in the clinic. So, we really had a good cohort in which we could do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1563.0,1568.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/359","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"descriptive studies of how we were doing with respect to viral suppression or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1568.0,1572.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/360","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the prevalence of hepatitis C or whatever other issues came up. He and I ran the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1572.0,1577.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/361","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinic, but one of the bonuses about being this close to CDC was that there were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1577.0,1582.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/362","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a lot of people who liked to continue to do some clinical work. Back in those","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1582.0,1587.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/363","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"days, my situation was I was an attending in the clinic, but people would come","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1587.0,1592.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/364","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"over from CDC and spend maybe a half a day a week. I probably won't remember","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1592.0,1597.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/365","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"everybody that did it, but like [Dr. Jonathan E.] Jon Kaplan, [Dr.] Anne","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1597.0,1601.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/366","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Schuchat, [Dr.] Mary [L.] Kamb, [Dr.] Peter [D.] Drotman, lots and lots of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1601.0,1605.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/367","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people. We would have this --it was more so later, but a reciprocal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1605.0,1609.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/368","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"relationship. Jon Kaplan was my boss when I came back to CDC in the late 2000s,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1609.0,1614.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/369","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but he was essentially like my fellow in the clinic. It was an interesting","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1614.0,1618.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/370","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thing, and that was always ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1618.0,1620.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/371","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nfun. The CDC docs were pretty enthusiastic. The","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1620.0,1623.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/372","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patients liked them a lot, and it meant that we were able to extend our reach","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1623.0,1629.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/373","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and manage way more patients than we otherwise would have been able to with the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1629.0,1635.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/374","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"resources we had.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1635.0,1636.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/375","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Anything else you reflect on in your clinical experience at that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1636.0,1641.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/376","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Honestly, HIV was really the dominant thing. Of course, I would do a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1641.0,1647.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/377","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"little bit of other infectious disease and inpatient work, and occasionally","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1647.0,1651.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/378","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"travel patients. Then as part of the fellowship, I did research. I ended up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1651.0,1657.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/379","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doing research back at CDC with [Dr. Thomas M.] Tom Shinnick and looking at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1657.0,1663.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/380","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tuberculosis. We never really got any great scientific output out of that, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1663.0,1668.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/381","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the basic idea was we were trying to understand what genes were turned on during","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1668.0,1674.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/382","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"active infection as opposed to latent disease. We were using a luminescence","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1674.0,1679.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/383","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"detector ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1679.0,1679.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/384","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nprotein to see whether a gene was turned on or not during active infection.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1679.0,1684.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/385","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Throughout that whole time, I had pretty tight connections to CDC. I also had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1684.0,1689.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/386","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"met and married [Dr. Laurence Slutsker] Larry. He was at CDC, so that was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1689.0,1694.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/387","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"another way to stay in touch with CDC and then, of course, the proximity between","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1694.0,1700.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/388","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emory or the VA and CDC. We had a lot of collaboration, so even though I had","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1700.0,1707.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/389","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"technically left CDC, I hadn't really left CDC. People always like to assume","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1707.0,1712.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/390","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I've been here since 1990. That's not even close to true, but I managed to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1712.0,1718.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/391","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maintain a relationship with a lot of people at CDC through that time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1718.0,1723.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/392","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Then you and your family moved to Western Kenya. How did that all come about?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1723.0,1729.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/393","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Larry and I definitely wanted to go someplace. Western Kenya seemed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1729.0,1734.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/394","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like the perfect situation for him, since he had done malaria ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1734.0,1738.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/395","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nwork, a little bit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1738.0,1739.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/396","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of work on foodborne disease, and a little bit of work on HIV and TB. Basically,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1739.0,1744.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/397","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the field station did all of those things, so it was a perfect situation for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1744.0,1749.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/398","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"him. For me, our children were very young. At that time, before we moved, I'd","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1749.0,1754.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/399","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"been pregnant or nursing for the four years before we left. I never saw Kisumu","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1754.0,1759.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/400","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before we went; I just went sight unseen. It was actually --it was an easy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1759.0,1764.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/401","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decision, and it felt fine. I felt good about it. I had a rule that our younger","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1764.0,1770.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/402","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"daughter had to be one before we went, and we almost made that. She was just shy","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1770.0,1776.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/403","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of her first birthday when we arrived.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1776.0,1778.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/404","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We arrived in Kenya on September 11, 2001 -- well, we arrived in Nairobi on the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1778.0,1783.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/405","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"10th, but we arrived in Kisumu on the 11th. We left from Philadelphia because we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1783.0,1788.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/406","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stayed with my parents for a couple of weeks before we left. We drove up the New","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1788.0,1794.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/407","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jersey Turnpike to Newark, where we were ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1794.0,1796.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/408","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nflying from. I don't know if you've","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1796.0,1798.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/409","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ever driven there, but about half of that drive you could see the World Trade","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1798.0,1803.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/410","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Towers at that time. Then we took off from Newark. It was a cloudy day, but the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1803.0,1808.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/411","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Trade Towers were above the clouds. So, the very last thing that we saw of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1808.0,1813.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/412","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"United States was the top of the two World Trade Towers. I was on a plane with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1813.0,1818.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/413","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Emma and showing her -- because she was not quite three at the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1818.0,1822.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/414","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then we arrived in Nairobi. We spent the night in the hotel then went on to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1822.0,1827.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/415","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kisumu. We didn't have phones; we didn't have internet. We had just arrived, so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1827.0,1831.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/416","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we had no information whatsoever. Our friend Kim Lindblade came to the door and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1831.0,1835.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/417","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said, something's happened, and explained what had happened. At that point, we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1835.0,1839.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/418","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"didn't know if we would stay in Kenya or what would happen. We didn't have cash.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1839.0,1844.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/419","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We had nothing, but we went and put our cards in the ATM and got cash out.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1844.0,1849.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/420","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Although there was absolutely no travel for a couple of months after ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1849.0,1853.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/421","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n that,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1853.0,1853.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/422","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"eventually things normalized and we stayed. I'd say that time for our family and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1853.0,1859.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/423","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for my career I think was the best ever. It got a little bit of a rocky start,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1859.0,1867.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/424","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but it turned out fine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1867.0,1869.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/425","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: This was in 2001, is that right? What was the atmosphere about HIV/AIDS","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1869.0,1875.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/426","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Kenya as you arrived?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1875.0,1877.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/427","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: You might remember this. I can't remember exactly, it was '99 or 2000,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1877.0,1883.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/428","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe, that one of the big HIV conferences had said, this is all well and good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1883.0,1890.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/429","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we're making progress with treatment and with viral loads and things like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1890.0,1896.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/430","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, but the world's HIV is not confined to the United States and Europe. It's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1896.0,1903.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/431","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"primarily in Africa, and we should probably be doing something there. That idea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1903.0,1909.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/432","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was just starting to take ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1909.0,1911.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/433","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n shape.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1911.0,1911.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/434","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I had actually planned to do malaria research when I went to Kenya. That was the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1911.0,1917.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/435","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"arrangement we had made, but when we got there, that didn't seem like a good","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1917.0,1922.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/436","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"idea. The malaria research group was smaller than I had envisioned, and it would","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1922.0,1927.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/437","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have put me too proximate to Larry as the field station director. There I was,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1927.0,1932.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/438","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an HIV clinician, and Kisumu was with an adult (HIV) prevalence of 25%. What","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1932.0,1937.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/439","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"made all the sense in the world was for me to do some work on HIV. Kevin De Cock","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1937.0,1944.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/440","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was the country director at the time. He and I discussed it and really didn't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1944.0,1949.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/441","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"take very long to make the decision that no, this is what I should be doing.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1949.0,1955.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/442","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This is prior to PEPFAR. At the time, there was the LIFE [Leadership and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1955.0,1960.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/443","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Investment in Fighting an Epidemic] Initiative back at CDC, and there was some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1960.0,1965.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/444","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"funding. It was primarily focused on testing and on prevention of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1965.0,1969.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/445","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mother-to-child transmission, but we had a small ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1969.0,1971.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/446","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nbudget that allowed us to start","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1971.0,1973.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/447","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thinking about care and treatment. It basically was enough to cover my salary","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1973.0,1978.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/448","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the salary of one person and a colleague in Nairobi named [Dr.] Doris [K.]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1978.0,1984.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/449","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Macharia. Then we had ten thousand dollars in discretionary funds, and what we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1984.0,1989.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/450","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decided to do is use it to buy cotrimoxazole.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1989.0,1992.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/451","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There were several situations in which people were being identified as having","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1992.0,1997.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/452","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"HIV, and the whole point of testing was, it was being promoted as oh, find out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=1997.0,2003.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/453","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you're negative and stay negative. There wasn't really much to say to somebody","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2003.0,2008.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/454","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who turned out to be positive. Obviously, in Kisumu with a 25% prevalence, many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2008.0,2013.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/455","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the people who were tested were positive. There was an enormous need to offer","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2013.0,2019.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/456","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something. Even though antiretrovirals weren't in the cards at the time, it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2019.0,2024.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/457","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seemed like we should do something for those people. We were able to set up some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2024.0,2030.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/458","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinical ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2030.0,2030.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/459","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nservices and essentially offer Co-trimoxazole, which made a tremendous","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2030.0,2035.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/460","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"difference in the health of people. It also let us get started establishing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2035.0,2042.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/461","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinical services, and then we could get antiretrovirals through a few channels.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2042.0,2048.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/462","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Before we go into the treatment, can you tell us a little bit about --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2048.0,2056.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/463","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so 25% in Kisumu. Nyanza Province had one of the higher rates of HIV in Kenya.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2056.0,2064.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/464","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"What were some of the factors that were driving this raging epidemic in Kenya at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2064.0,2072.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/465","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that time?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2072.0,2073.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/466","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: The dominant ethnic group in Nyanza Province is the Luo people.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2073.0,2079.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/467","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Polygamy is common there, and also there's quite a complex set of beliefs that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2079.0,2086.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/468","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"associates sex with outcomes of various ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2086.0,2089.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/469","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nthings. For example, if you want to have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2089.0,2093.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/470","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"good luck fishing, there's an understanding that you should have sex before you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2093.0,2099.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/471","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"go out fishing, and if you -- There were a lot of things like that. If","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2099.0,2107.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/472","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"somebody's husband died, then there was a practice where the brother of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2107.0,2113.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/473","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"husband would inherit the wife, and that had sexual connotations. There were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2113.0,2119.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/474","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"quite a few practices that led to having people having interaction with multiple","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2119.0,2125.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/475","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"partners. So, the rate there was 25%, even though the national rate was more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2125.0,2132.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/476","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like 7%, but it was high in Kisumu.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2132.0,2136.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/477","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Before you got into treatment, were there various prevention activities?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2136.0,2141.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/478","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"You mentioned prevention of mother-to-child (transmission). Was antenatal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2141.0,2145.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/479","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"screening a treatment regimen used in a large ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2145.0,2149.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/480","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nway at that time when you got there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2149.0,2152.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/481","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: In those days, PMTCT [Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission] was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2152.0,2156.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/482","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"primarily just with single-dose nevirapine, and I was involved to some extent.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2156.0,2161.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/483","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"This all gets complex, but we wanted to try and extend what we could offer,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2161.0,2167.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/484","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"treatment-wise. First of all, PMTCT was one example where you'd find somebody","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2167.0,2172.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/485","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who was positive and you said, okay, you can give nevirapine and reduce the risk","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2172.0,2178.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/486","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that they would transmit HIV to their infant, but then what can you offer the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2178.0,2184.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/487","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mother? That was one source of patients for this clinic we started with the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2184.0,2189.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/488","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Co-trimoxazole. It also turned out to be one of the first ways we got any","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2189.0,2195.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/489","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"treatment availability at all. There was a grant that was available from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2195.0,2200.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/490","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health, and it was essentially to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2200.0,2205.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/491","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"offer treatment to women who were identified in the context of PMTCT. I got","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2205.0,2210.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/492","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"involved in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2210.0,2211.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/493","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nthat. We wrote the grant and got funding so we could provide some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2211.0,2216.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/494","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"treatment. That was one source of antiretrovirals before PEPFAR got started.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2216.0,2221.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/495","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Were those complete three-drug regimens?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2221.0,2224.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/496","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes. I don't even know if I can remember. I think it would have been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2224.0,2231.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/497","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"primarily stavudine, 3TC, and nevirapine. That would be the most common regimen.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2231.0,2236.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/498","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Were those complex regimens to take? How was retention in those early","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2236.0,2241.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/499","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years of using three drugs?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2241.0,2243.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/500","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: People did well with it. Obviously, not every patient took every pill.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2243.0,2248.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/501","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The regimens were usually a couple of pills twice a day. There was a lot of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2248.0,2255.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/502","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"concern in the general world that, oh, people wouldn't be able to take these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2255.0,2261.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/503","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"drugs living in Africa. I think that turned out to be a wrong assumption. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2261.0,2267.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/504","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think people did at least as well taking the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2267.0,2271.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/505","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ndrugs in Africa as they did","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2271.0,2274.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/506","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anyplace else. It wasn't necessarily the very best regimen that was available in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2274.0,2280.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/507","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the world at the time, but it was a combination of manageable and affordable,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2280.0,2286.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/508","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"relatively speaking. Obviously, these were very expensive treatments compared to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2286.0,2290.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/509","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the usual therapies that are available in Africa. Stavudine was a couple dollars","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2290.0,2296.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/510","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"a month, and that was a drug that we could get and was available.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2296.0,2302.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/511","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Were you required to use the U.S.-approved drugs at that point?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2302.0,2307.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/512","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It depended on the context. We did one activity in Nairobi that was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2307.0,2313.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/513","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really an effort to evaluate whether you could give antiretroviral therapy in an","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2313.0,2319.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/514","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"African context. That was in the Kibera slum in Nairobi, working with Doris, who","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2319.0,2325.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/515","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I mentioned before. For that one, we had to use U.S.-approved drugs. For the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2325.0,2331.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/516","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Columbia program, they ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2331.0,2332.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/517","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nprovided the drugs, and some were and some weren't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2332.0,2336.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/518","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"necessarily the U.S.-approved. We did end up --it's very complicated. When Kenya","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2336.0,2342.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/519","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was providing some drugs, those most of the time were from Indian manufacturers.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2342.0,2348.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/520","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Do you remember how you were monitoring the patients in those very early","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2348.0,2355.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/521","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"years, how often and what laboratory availability you had?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2355.0,2359.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/522","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: We had ability to do CD4 cell counts locally pretty early on.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2359.0,2365.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/523","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Using an FACS [fluorescence-activated cell sorter] counter?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2365.0,2369.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/524","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I can't remember exactly when we got the FACS counter. We ended up with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2369.0,2376.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/525","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bunches and bunches of FACS count machines, but I think even early on for the --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2376.0,2384.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/526","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was the capacity to do CD4 cell testing in Nairobi. For this program we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2384.0,2391.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/527","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were doing in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2391.0,2392.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/528","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nNairobi, that was this evaluation of whether you could effectively","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2392.0,2396.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/529","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"give antiretroviral drugs in an African context. We did CD4 counts as part of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2396.0,2401.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/530","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the routine monitoring of the patients. Then separate from that, we sent blood","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2401.0,2406.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/531","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"back to the U.S. for viral load testing, not as clinical monitoring but as an","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2406.0,2411.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/532","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"evaluation of the effectiveness of the project.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2411.0,2414.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/533","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Was this in the Kibera slum? Was it an observational study?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2414.0,2418.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/534","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes, whether to call it a study or not was a big point of debate. I can","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2418.0,2425.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/535","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"picture-- I'm not really sure who all was around the room, but it was Doris and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2425.0,2431.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/536","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me on one end of the phone and then what sounded like a conference table full of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2431.0,2437.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/537","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people in Atlanta, to try and negotiate whether this plan to provide","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2437.0,2441.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/538","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antiretroviral therapy to people with HIV was a program or a study. Eventually,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2441.0,2446.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/539","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we got it described as a program with an evaluation component, which I think is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2446.0,2451.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/540","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just right. People gave ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2451.0,2452.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/541","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nconsent because they were getting blood taken for the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2452.0,2455.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/542","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"viral load monitoring that wasn't going to be part of their own monitoring. It","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2455.0,2460.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/543","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was us trying to see if the program worked.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2460.0,2463.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/544","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: What regimen was used for this one? Was this a similar regimen to what","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2463.0,2468.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/545","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you were using in Kisumu or a different approach?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2468.0,2471.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/546","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I think it was either -- I don't even remember, but I think probably","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2471.0,2476.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/547","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stavudine, 3TC, and nevirapine or AZT, 3TC, and nevirapine.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2476.0,2479.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/548","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: But everyone was on the exact same regimen? Is that right?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2479.0,2483.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/549","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Essentially, yes. That was one of the big features that made it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2483.0,2487.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/550","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"different. It was standardized regimens and then reduced frequency of monitoring","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2487.0,2491.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/551","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"compared to what was regularly done in the U.S., particularly -- not so much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2491.0,2496.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/552","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with the CD4 cell counts, but with things like complete blood counts or blood","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2496.0,2501.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/553","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"chemistries and things like that. My own experience was, we did all that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2501.0,2505.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/554","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"monitoring, but it rarely changed what we did with the patient. Even if there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2505.0,2510.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/555","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were something that we found with that ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2510.0,2512.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/556","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nmonitoring, it would almost never be that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2512.0,2515.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/557","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we would stop the drugs. Anyway, we felt better giving the drugs without the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2515.0,2521.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/558","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"monitoring than not giving the drugs because we couldn't do the monitoring.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2521.0,2526.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/559","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: You couldn't do the monitoring because it was too expensive or too","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2526.0,2531.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/560","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time-consuming for the patient or laboratory?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2531.0,2533.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/561","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was felt to be not feasible from a scale-up standpoint. In this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2533.0,2539.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/562","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"focused effort we could have but given the numbers of people and the resources","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2539.0,2545.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/563","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"available in Africa, the thinking was that we would be better taking whatever","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2545.0,2550.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/564","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"limited resources there were, more so buying drugs and less so buying expensive","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2550.0,2555.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/565","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"laboratory monitoring. It was really a resource distribution question.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2555.0,2559.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/566","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Would the monitoring have been more likely every six months?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2559.0,2563.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/567","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes, whereas we might, even in the clinic and the VA --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2563.0,2568.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/568","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: In the U.S., it might have been every three ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2568.0,2572.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/569","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n months?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2572.0,2572.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/570","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Or even more frequent, especially at initiation, yes. It was a hard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2572.0,2577.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/571","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"thing to sell, because one of the key things about any public health context is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2577.0,2582.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/572","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that it's hardly ever comfortable to say, we'd like to give you this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2582.0,2587.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/573","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"not-quite-as-good effort to control HIV as what we have in the U.S. I felt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2587.0,2592.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/574","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pretty strongly at the time that what we did in the U.S. wasn't necessarily","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2592.0,2597.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/575","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"better. Yes, we did more frequent monitoring, and yes, we tailored the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2597.0,2601.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/576","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antiretrovirals to the individual patient, but I'm not sure it was a good idea.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2601.0,2606.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/577","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People would end up saying, \"Well, I don't really like the pink pill,\" or \"I'd","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2606.0,2611.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/578","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"like a smaller pill,\" or \"I'd like one that's diamond shaped.\" You ended up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2611.0,2616.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/579","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"making changes for silly reasons. Even from an individual perspective, if you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2616.0,2620.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/580","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had a standard approach, I didn't think we were giving them the \"B\" treatment. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2620.0,2625.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/581","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"felt like we were providing \"A\" level treatment, but --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2625.0,2629.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/582","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Your ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2629.0,2630.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/583","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ncolleague was Doris Macharia. She's a Kenyan.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2630.0,2632.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/584","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2632.0,2633.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/585","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Did you need to go through any Kenyan institutional review boards?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2633.0,2637.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/586","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2637.0,2638.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/587","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Or KEMRI [Kenya Medical Research Institute]? If you can describe --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2638.0,2642.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/588","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was KEMRI, yes.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2642.0,2644.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/589","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: (Can you say a) little bit about what was the Kenyan attitude towards this?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2644.0,2649.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/590","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: That whole -- the point we were just talking about was a big deal. It","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2649.0,2654.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/591","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was a multipage protocol, but about six pages of it was, here's why there's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2654.0,2659.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/592","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"really no need to do more frequent blood monitoring, and here's why it's okay to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2659.0,2664.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/593","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"use standard regimens. I would try and explain my perspective about that to our","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2664.0,2669.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/594","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"colleagues. Some people were totally fine with it, and some people were like no,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2669.0,2674.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/595","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we want whatever you would do in the US. I think it was in 2002 that WHO [World","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2674.0,2680.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/596","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Health Organization] came out with their first Guidelines for Antiretroviral","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2680.0,2683.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/597","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Therapy. WHO said reduce frequency (of) monitoring, and (use) standard regimens.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2683.0,2687.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/598","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That made my life much easier because now, instead of six pages of ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2687.0,2691.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/599","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ndefense of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2691.0,2692.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/600","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this idea, I simply put \"and in accordance with WHO's recommendations for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2692.0,2697.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/601","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"standardized regimens and reduced frequency of monitoring.\" I think it was very","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2697.0,2702.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/602","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"telling about the impact or gravitas of a WHO recommendation in that context.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2702.0,2707.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/603","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People, once they saw that WHO had recommended it and it wasn't just this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2707.0,2712.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/604","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"American doctor trying to say that the lesser thing was okay for Kenya, it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2712.0,2717.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/605","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"became very easy from that standpoint.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2717.0,2719.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/606","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Uganda was doing a study looking at clinical monitoring versus more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2719.0,2724.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/607","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"laboratory-based monitoring, but I don't remember the timing. Was that before or","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2724.0,2729.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/608","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"during your decision on this particular project?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2729.0,2732.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/609","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was about concurrent. I think there's -- [Dr. Jonathan H. Mermin]","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2732.0,2737.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/610","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Jono will tell you, but it was considered a study because there was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2737.0,2742.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/611","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"randomization to the different arms. With ours, everybody got the same","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2742.0,2746.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/612","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"treatment, but it was right about the same time. We had a lot of shared experiences.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2746.0,2752.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/613","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: So, the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2752.0,2753.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/614","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ndata weren't there yet to confirm it.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2753.0,2756.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/615","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Right.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2756.0,2757.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/616","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: That must have been very exciting.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2757.0,2760.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/617","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was, and --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2760.0,2762.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/618","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: How did it go in terms of the clinicians, the Kenyan clinicians, and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2762.0,2768.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/619","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"whatever outpatient facilities were available in Kibera slum? How was healthcare","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2768.0,2773.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/620","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"delivered in that setting?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2773.0,2775.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/621","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: This was a relatively small program. I don't remember exactly how many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2775.0,2781.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/622","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patients, but maybe a hundred or a couple hundred. We worked in one clinic in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2781.0,2787.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/623","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kibera. We basically had control and some resources to up the level of care that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2787.0,2793.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/624","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was available. I would say -- I don't know about you, but when I learned","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2793.0,2799.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/625","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"antiretrovirals, I learned AZT and then maybe stavudine came in. I learned that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2799.0,2805.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/626","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then 3TC, like basically add one, add one. These guys had to learn the rack","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2805.0,2812.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/627","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of them at ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2812.0,2813.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/628","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nonce, but luckily, we kept it a little bit limited about what they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2813.0,2817.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/629","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had to learn. They were terrifically able to learn, and I think the quality of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2817.0,2822.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/630","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"care that was provided was good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2822.0,2824.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/631","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"People were skeptical. Some patients had heard about antiretroviral therapy and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2824.0,2828.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/632","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were anxious to receive it. Some people were afraid of it. There were people,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2828.0,2833.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/633","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"especially some people that sold herbs in the area that they said were good for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2833.0,2838.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/634","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"HIV, that felt that it would be helpful to them to spread some rumors that those","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2838.0,2843.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/635","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"drugs would be bad for you. That way, more people would come to them for the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2843.0,2848.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/636","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"herbs. We had to do some qualitative work and some social behavioral","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2848.0,2852.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/637","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"communication things to help people understand that we were sincere and that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2852.0,2856.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/638","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these were good treatments.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2856.0,2857.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/639","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We got those viral load results back after we did the monitoring for a period of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2857.0,2862.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/640","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time, and 85% of the patients were suppressed. We were talking about being","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2862.0,2866.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/641","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"emotional or not, but when that came back, against everybody's expectations, to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2866.0,2870.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/642","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2870.0,2870.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/643","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n85% - that was substantially higher than we were able to achieve in the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2870.0,2876.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/644","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very early days at the VA. I think the differences included --in the early days","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2876.0,2883.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/645","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the VA, we had all these people that had been on AZT and then AZT/3TC and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2883.0,2891.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/646","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"then triple therapy, whereas the group in Kenya started with triple therapy. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2891.0,2897.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/647","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"think medically, it's not surprising that we were able to achieve high","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2897.0,2902.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/648","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"suppression. It dispelled, basically, people's concerns about adherence to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2902.0,2906.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/649","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"therapy and whether it could be done in this context. It was pretty exciting to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2906.0,2913.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/650","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get those results back. Doris and I were both pretty excited.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2913.0,2918.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/651","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Did that program continue when you stopped the implementation program,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2918.0,2923.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/652","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"or what happened to that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2923.0,2925.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/653","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It eventually evolved into a more regular treatment ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2925.0,2929.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/654","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nprogram, because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2929.0,2930.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/655","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"scale-up in general started to happen around that time. I had gotten a grant","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2930.0,2934.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/656","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"from Columbia for the work in Kisumu. The main point there was that they only","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2934.0,2939.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/657","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"supported treatment for the women who had been identified while they were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2939.0,2943.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/658","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pregnant, but I basically made it a condition. When the staff from the program","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2943.0,2947.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/659","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"came to visit, I said, we can't just treat pregnant women. There are so many","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2947.0,2952.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/660","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people here who are sick. We need to use some of these resources for others.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2952.0,2957.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/661","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They were generous about allowing those resources to overflow so that we could","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2957.0,2961.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/662","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"staff the clinic. They didn't give drugs for the other patients, but the doctor","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2961.0,2965.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/663","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and the clinical officers were able to see the other patients as well. That","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2965.0,2969.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/664","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"grant from Columbia supported not just the women who had been identified in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2969.0,2973.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/665","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pregnancy but was a critical part of the support for the rest of the clinic.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2973.0,2978.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/666","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then we just started in little ways. A church or two would be willing to pay for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2978.0,2983.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/667","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"drugs for somebody or a study or whatever, and we built up a small ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2983.0,2987.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/668","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nnumber of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2987.0,2988.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/669","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people that were on treatment. I think we started our first patients in very","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2988.0,2993.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/670","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"late 2002 and gradually built up a few throughout 2003.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2993.0,2997.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/671","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Then PEPFAR was announced in 2003 and really got going at the end of 2003.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=2997.0,3003.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/672","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Because we'd done some groundwork and there was great interest in seeing rapid","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3003.0,3008.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/673","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"results --the idea we had a clinic full of people that had been tested and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3008.0,3014.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/674","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"counseled and were coming to care routinely, which, by the way, is weird in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3014.0,3019.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/675","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Africa. Most people don't do that. Most people come when they're sick, and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3019.0,3024.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/676","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's it. The only group that really gets regular follow-up care is the infants","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3024.0,3029.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/677","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"getting immunization and then maybe patients getting TB therapy. This whole idea","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3029.0,3034.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/678","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that you would go to a clinic for a chronic disease was basically a new","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3034.0,3040.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/679","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"paradigm. It took some getting used to, but we did have a clinic full of people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3040.0,3046.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/680","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that were just ready for ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3046.0,3048.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/681","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ndrugs. When PEPFAR started, we were able to practically","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3048.0,3051.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/682","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"snap our fingers and get a whole bunch of people on treatment. That was the kind","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3051.0,3057.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/683","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of result that people wanted to see, so we were well positioned to expand pretty quickly.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3057.0,3063.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/684","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Did you scale up to several clinics at that point, or were you still","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3063.0,3068.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/685","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"based in a few?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3068.0,3069.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/686","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Way more than several. I essentially had two jobs. I was living in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3069.0,3074.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/687","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Kisumu and oversaw the treatment services in Nyanza Province. A third of the HIV","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3074.0,3079.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/688","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the country was in that province, but then also nationally. Doris was also","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3079.0,3084.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/689","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"working, so we both took the same approach in the areas where we were working.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3084.0,3089.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/690","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Essentially, we just went from clinic to clinic, saying, would you like to start","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3089.0,3094.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/691","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"an HIV -- this is once PEPFAR resources were available. Then we were in a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3094.0,3099.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/692","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"situation where I could get as much money as I could spend, basically, to do","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3099.0,3104.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/693","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this. You could go to a clinic and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3104.0,3107.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/694","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nsay, would you like to start an HIV clinic?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3107.0,3110.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/695","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They would say, we would like to but we don't have the resources and we don't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3110.0,3115.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/696","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"know how. I'd say, that's okay, I have the resources and I know how. Working","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3115.0,3120.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/697","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"closely with the Ministry of Health colleagues, we could just look at that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3120.0,3124.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/698","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinic, figure out who needed to be trained, what equipment they needed, and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3124.0,3128.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/699","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what supplies they needed. Then generally, the pattern would be, we'd start the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3128.0,3132.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/700","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinic, enroll people, and start them on cotrimoxazole. If they'd been on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3132.0,3136.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/701","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cotrimoxazole for a couple of months, then they could start triple therapy, so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3136.0,3140.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/702","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we were -- I think the pattern now is test and start treatment right away, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3140.0,3145.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/703","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"at the time, we were still in this mode of worrying that people wouldn't adhere","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3145.0,3150.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/704","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to therapy. We would get people on cotrimoxazole for a couple of months, and if","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3150.0,3155.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/705","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"they managed that, then they would start the triple therapy.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3155.0,3158.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/706","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Where were these clinics? Were these primary care clinics? Were they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3158.0,3162.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/707","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"district hospital-level clinics?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3162.0,3163.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/708","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3163.0,3163.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/709","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nYes, I think there were, I want to say, twelve districts in Nyanza","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3163.0,3168.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/710","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Province. I should be able to name them. We started by going to all the district","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3168.0,3174.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/711","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hospitals and then all the health centers. We gave a little bit of extra focus","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3174.0,3180.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/712","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to an area where CDC was doing research studies, which was Asembo Bay and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3180.0,3185.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/713","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"basically Siaya District. The whole organizational structure in Kenya has","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3185.0,3189.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/714","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"changed now but (at the time) it was province and districts. I feel that while","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3189.0,3195.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/715","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"you can't offer treatment services like that to individuals who participate in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3195.0,3200.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/716","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"research studies, it's perfectly ethical to prioritize those communities that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3200.0,3204.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/717","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contribute to research studies for receipt of services. No individual has to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3204.0,3209.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/718","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"participate in research, but because the community has been participating in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3209.0,3213.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/719","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"research that we were sponsoring at CDC, we went there first. It made sense","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3213.0,3218.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/720","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"anyway, because those were the highest rates of HIV (at) the district ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3218.0,3223.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/721","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n hospitals","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3223.0,3223.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/722","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Siaya and Bondo, and then --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3223.0,3226.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/723","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Was it hard for patients to get there? How did a patient get to the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3226.0,3232.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/724","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"district hospital for the treatment? Were there transport issues?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3232.0,3236.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/725","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Oh, there definitely were, and especially --for individuals that felt","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3236.0,3240.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/726","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too stigmatized, then the transport became a bigger deal. They wouldn't","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3240.0,3244.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/727","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"necessarily feel comfortable going to an HIV clinic in the village where they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3244.0,3249.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/728","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lived, because almost everybody had a cousin that worked in the lab that would","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3249.0,3254.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/729","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"see them. I think the transport issues would get in the way of adherence when","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3254.0,3260.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/730","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"patients would try to do things like go to a different district hospital to get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3260.0,3266.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/731","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"their treatment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3266.0,3267.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/732","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: How bad was the stigma of HIV at that time in Kenya?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3267.0,3272.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/733","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I don't think you can really give a specific answer to that. It varied","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3272.0,3278.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/734","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"by individuals. Some patients were very willing to show up and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3278.0,3282.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/735","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ncome, and they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3282.0,3283.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/736","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would also be willing to speak publicly about their HIV. I think that helped a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3283.0,3288.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/737","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"lot of other patients, but there were people that just would not. (There were)","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3288.0,3293.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/738","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people that worked for CDC that we would pretty well assume had HIV but we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3293.0,3298.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/739","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"couldn't manage to convince to get tested, or it took a lot of quiet work to get","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3298.0,3304.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/740","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"somebody to be willing to be tested. We lost some people at CDC because they --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3304.0,3310.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/741","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"even though the treatment was available-- we couldn't necessarily convince","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3310.0,3314.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/742","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people to get tested and into treatment.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3314.0,3317.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/743","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Was it difficult for women or adolescent women, in terms of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3317.0,3321.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/744","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"marriageability and so on? What was the feeling about that?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3321.0,3325.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/745","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: That's an interesting one. I think that was also variable. To be","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3325.0,3330.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/746","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"honest, a fairly common thing was, we would test a woman, find that she was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3330.0,3335.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/747","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"positive, and tell the husband. The husband would be like, I don't want to know","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3335.0,3340.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/748","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that, and that would be ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3340.0,3342.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/749","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nit. (The woman was) maybe still marriageable, but now","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3342.0,3345.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/750","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there's a risk of transmission within the marriage. Others would disown the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3345.0,3349.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/751","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"person when they knew, so it was a hard thing. I think the hardest part in some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3349.0,3355.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/752","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"ways was that a woman couldn't agree to have a test without the agreement of her","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3355.0,3361.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/753","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"husband. If we were wanting to offer testing or treatment to a woman, you had to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3361.0,3367.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/754","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work with how to get the agreement of the spouse, because the husband was the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3367.0,3372.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/755","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"decision maker. Eventually, we solved that by switching to an opt-out. We said,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3372.0,3377.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/756","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we're going to do testing unless you say otherwise. In that way, she could blame","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3377.0,3382.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/757","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it on us. She could say, \"The clinic did this. I couldn't make the decision to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3382.0,3388.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/758","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tell them no without you, so I've been tested.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3388.0,3391.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/759","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Stigma was huge, but we were offering something that was so new and so needed","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3391.0,3396.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/760","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we didn't really have to worry about it except for the individual, meaning","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3396.0,3401.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/761","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that we ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3401.0,3402.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/762","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nhad plenty of patients that were coming. On any given day, we were busy,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3402.0,3407.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/763","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"busy, busy. I remember the people back in PEPFAR headquarters were like, wow, if","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3407.0,3412.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/764","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the national prevalence is 7%, you're going to have to test a hundred people to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3412.0,3417.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/765","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"get seven, so how to meet these treatment goals? How are you going to test that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3417.0,3423.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/766","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"-- you don't have to test that many people. It's all good if we test people, but","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3423.0,3429.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/767","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"all you have to do is hang up a sign that says we offer HIV services. Sick","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3429.0,3435.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/768","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people will come, and you'll offer the services. We were basically picking the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3435.0,3440.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/769","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"low-hanging fruit at that time and didn't have to worry about that individual","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3440.0,3445.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/770","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and say, really, we'd like you to come. If we couldn't get that person to come","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3445.0,3451.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/771","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right then, we had plenty of other people that needed to get the services.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3451.0,3456.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/772","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: That must have been so exciting. What was the evolution of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3456.0,3461.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/773","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"community's experience of AIDS? You get there, and there's not much ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3461.0,3465.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/774","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n treatment","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3465.0,3465.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/775","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"going on. There must have been a lot of funerals. What was the atmosphere like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3465.0,3470.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/776","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in that way?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3470.0,3471.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/777","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Funerals were the common activity. Most people went to a funeral every","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3471.0,3475.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/778","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"single weekend. The thriving business when I got to Kisumu was coffin making,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3475.0,3479.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/779","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and there were coffin makers on every corner. I think I said when we talked","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3479.0,3484.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/780","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about this before, when we hired staff for studies, we had to over hire. We knew","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3484.0,3490.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/781","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"we were going to have a certain amount of attrition because there was illness","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3490.0,3495.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/782","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and death in the study staff.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3495.0,3497.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/783","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"The thinking about antiretroviral therapy ranged from one extreme to another.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3497.0,3501.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/784","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Some people that were aware about it in the world (thought that) that we should","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3501.0,3506.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/785","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"have this in Kenya. Some people were very afraid of it. As people started to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3506.0,3511.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/786","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"witness individuals who got the treatment getting better, it became much more","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3511.0,3515.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/787","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"accepted. I think the first group to really feel the impact, of course, were the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3515.0,3520.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/788","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"individuals who got treatment, but then the healthcare workers. The ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3520.0,3523.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/789","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\n healthcare","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3523.0,3523.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/790","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"workers at the provincial hospital at the time, within the hospital, 85%-90% of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3523.0,3528.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/791","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the hospitalized patients had HIV. The death rate was enormously high. The","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3528.0,3532.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/792","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinicians were like, what am I doing? If every patient dies, why am I a doctor?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3532.0,3538.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/793","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Why am I a clinical officer?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3538.0,3540.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/794","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"For me, you know, it was the second chance to see the impact of antiretroviral","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3540.0,3545.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/795","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"therapy. We went from a whole group of people that were sick and there was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3545.0,3550.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/796","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"nothing to offer, to instant triple therapy. People just -- even with the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3550.0,3555.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/797","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"cotrimoxazole, people got dramatically better, but with the triple therapy, they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3555.0,3559.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/798","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"got dramatically, dramatically better. The clinicians would call and say, \"Barb,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3559.0,3563.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/799","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Mister so and so is back, he's gained weight, he's much better,\" and that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3563.0,3568.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/800","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"happened over and over again. I think the morale for the healthcare workers was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3568.0,3573.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/801","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the first thing that came up. Then almost everybody had family members with HIV.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3573.0,3578.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/802","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"If you stretched it out far enough, almost everybody had a family ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3578.0,3582.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/803","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nmember with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3582.0,3583.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/804","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"HIV who'd gotten treatment and gotten better. It didn't take very long before","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3583.0,3588.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/805","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people really appreciated and understood and you could -- I don't know, you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3588.0,3593.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/806","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could test -- I always liked to test with the taxi drivers, \"Do you know about","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3593.0,3599.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/807","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"HIV? Do you know about treatment?\" Early on, no, no, no, but over the time (I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3599.0,3605.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/808","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was) there, they became very aware. They always had a family member who'd been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3605.0,3611.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/809","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"treated, or they would say, \"Oh yes, we used to take people to funerals all the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3611.0,3617.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/810","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"time. Now there are no more funerals.\" Yes, it was a big and palpable change in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3617.0,3623.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/811","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the rate of death and at every level. In individuals that got better and, in the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3623.0,3629.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/812","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinic, and then in the community, you could see the impact.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3629.0,3633.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/813","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Now, you were working for CDC and were reporting to Kevin De Cock in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3633.0,3639.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/814","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Nairobi and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3639.0,3640.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/815","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nthen back in Atlanta. (You were) part of the PEPFAR staff in a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3640.0,3646.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/816","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"distant way?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3646.0,3647.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/817","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes, it was actually complicated. Technically, I was working for the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3647.0,3652.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/818","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"VA. We had an interagency agreement that the VA paid the salary so CDC would","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3652.0,3659.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/819","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hire me. I think once PEPFAR came in, I was under Kevin initially. As PEPFAR","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3659.0,3666.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/820","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"expanded, (I was) essentially under [Dr.] Tedd [V.] Ellerbrock's team [HIV","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3666.0,3671.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/821","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Treatment Team, Division of Global HIV/AIDS, CDC].","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3671.0,3674.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/822","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Can you comment a little bit about CDC's role in all of this? You","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3674.0,3681.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/823","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"mentioned it by the side, but can you dissect a little bit about what CDC was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3681.0,3688.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/824","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"doing there and how CDC worked in-country, and what advantage it was to being a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3688.0,3695.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/825","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"part of CDC while you were there?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3695.0,3698.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/826","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3698.0,3699.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/827","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nmixed, honestly. Our big thing, of course, is to work closely","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3699.0,3703.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/828","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with Ministries of Health. That was certainly the case in Nyanza Province. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3703.0,3708.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/829","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"very sincerely tried to make everything we did be a part of the Ministry of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3708.0,3714.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/830","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Health's efforts. Even the early clinic where it was supported by the Columbia","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3714.0,3719.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/831","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"resources was -- it wasn't my clinic and it wasn't the Columbia clinic, it was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3719.0,3725.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/832","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the provincial hospital clinic with these resources.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3725.0,3728.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/833","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think I mentioned a little bit this woman [Lennah Nyabiage] that I worked with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3728.0,3734.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/834","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Nyanza Province. She was very interested in supporting the HIV work, so much","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3734.0,3739.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/835","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so that she volunteered during her time off to come. Initially, she did some","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3739.0,3744.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/836","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work on the TB program, but we got to know each other and she eventually became","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3744.0,3750.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/837","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the antiretroviral treatment coordinator for Nyanza Province. We were quite a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3750.0,3754.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/838","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"team. Of course, I had all the dollars, and she had the title. We would go","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3754.0,3760.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/839","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"together to a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3760.0,3761.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/840","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nclinic and work it out. Then I was able to say, yes, we can","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3761.0,3765.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/841","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"support this and this, and she then could say to the clinic, \"I've identified","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3765.0,3769.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/842","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"these people that will get trained. We will bring you cots.\" The Ministry of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3769.0,3773.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/843","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Health they were all Ministry clinics that we worked -- not a hundred percent,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3773.0,3777.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/844","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but almost all Ministry clinics. At the time, I mentioned PEPFAR really wanted","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3777.0,3781.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/845","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to see these rapid results. If another partner like a funded NGO","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3781.0,3785.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/846","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[nongovernmental organization] or whatever could see, oh, these Ministry of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3785.0,3788.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/847","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Health clinics were doing very well, they would like to jump in and be the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3788.0,3793.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/848","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"partner. I'd say, \"No, no, I'm already the partner,\" but they would say, \"We","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3793.0,3797.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/849","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"can't see. It doesn't say NGO X on the sign here, it says Ministry of Health.\"","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3797.0,3802.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/850","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I'd say, that's right, that's how we work.\" It's a little bit of a double-edged sword.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3802.0,3807.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/851","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think, [Dr. William H.] Bill Foege makes a point that as long as you do the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3807.0,3812.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/852","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work right, the appreciation will follow. I'm afraid I don't a hundred percent","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3812.0,3816.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/853","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"agree with him on that. I feel like we lost a little bit in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3816.0,3820.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/854","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nterms of being so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3820.0,3821.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/855","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"careful to credit the Ministry of Health, which I personally believe in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3821.0,3825.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/856","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"completely. I think the problem in that equation is the people who want to ask,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3825.0,3830.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/857","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what have you done? I say, okay, I was behind that. It's easy for people to say,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3830.0,3836.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/858","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe it was just the Ministry of Health doing it on their own, and it wasn't. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3836.0,3842.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/859","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"was working very hard to make this a reality.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3842.0,3845.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/860","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Early on -- it's no longer true, but early on, I was the one with the knowledge,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3845.0,3851.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/861","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"so I could do the training and figuring out how. At this point, the clinicians","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3851.0,3856.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/862","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in Nyanza Province have surpassed me by log scales with respect to the numbers","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3856.0,3861.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/863","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of patients that they've seen, but early, it was helpful to have substantial","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3861.0,3866.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/864","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"clinical experience. Anyway, you can overdo it, is what I'm trying to say with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3866.0,3871.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/865","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"respect to crediting the Ministry.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3871.0,3873.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/866","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"As PEPFAR scaled up, we worked closely with USAID [US Agency for International","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3873.0,3878.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/867","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Development], and it was ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3878.0,3879.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/868","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ncomplicated and not always good. I had a wonderful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3879.0,3882.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/869","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"colleague on the USAID side who was doing the care and treatment stuff. He and I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3882.0,3887.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/870","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"worked together on some great -- we had some difficult stuff and then some great","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3887.0,3892.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/871","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stuff. One of the difficult things was, early, they had some partners that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3892.0,3896.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/872","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"simply weren't performing. He was like, \"Barb, you have to give them a break.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3896.0,3901.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/873","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"They're not used to being judged on what they get done.\" I was like, \"Well, what","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3901.0,3906.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/874","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"are they judged on?\" It had been until that time the ability to spend money.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3906.0,3911.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/875","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"That's fine, but why don't we at least -- Anyway, over time, that's one of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3911.0,3916.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/876","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"great things PEPFAR has done, I think, is shifted the focus of our development","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3916.0,3921.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/877","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"work to outcomes rather than just spending money, but that was the culture at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3921.0,3926.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/878","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the time.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3926.0,3927.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/879","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[Dr.] John [Wasonga] and I also -- you know, where do you get drugs from PEPFAR,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3927.0,3932.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/880","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and that was a big issue. Eventually, there was this whole supply-chain","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3932.0,3936.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/881","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"management project, but prior to that, how we did it in ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3936.0,3940.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/882","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nKenya was to get the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3940.0,3942.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/883","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"drugs through something called the Mission for Essential Drugs and Supplies.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3942.0,3945.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/884","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"It's a fantastic organization that supplied drugs to the mission hospitals. I","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3945.0,3949.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/885","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"remember John and I, we needed to --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3949.0,3951.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/886","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: These were the faith-based mission hospitals?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3951.0,3953.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/887","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Yes, exactly. We needed a contract signed, and MEDS, the Mission for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3953.0,3957.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/888","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Essential Drugs and Supplies, the people who were on the board were all these","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3957.0,3961.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/889","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"archbishops. I don't quite know what happened, because John -- it was a USAID","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3961.0,3965.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/890","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"contract, but anyway, we got to the point where we needed the contract signed.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3965.0,3969.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/891","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We needed six signatures from archbishops in a period of about twenty-four","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3969.0,3973.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/892","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hours. John and I went off on the great bishop hunt. I got three, he got three,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3973.0,3978.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/893","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and mine were all in Western Kenya. Luckily, two of mine were Anglican, because","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3978.0,3982.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/894","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it turned out to be a lot easier to find a bishop if they're married. You can","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3982.0,3987.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/895","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"find their wife, and then they know where the bishop is. A CDC driver and me,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3987.0,3992.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/896","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"driving all over: hello, hello --have you seen him? do you know where--? --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3992.0,3996.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/897","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"where's his wife? -- and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3996.0,3998.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/898","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\neventually, we got the contract signed. Anyway, it was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=3998.0,4001.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/899","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fun working with John on that and seeing the national scale--up. We not really","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4001.0,4006.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/900","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"officially but eventually took different regions and different partners and were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4006.0,4010.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/901","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"able to make things go pretty fast in Kenya. I'm not sure it was the best","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4010.0,4016.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/902","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"approach. I honestly think, you know, if you go a little more slowly and get a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4016.0,4022.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/903","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"little more standardized, that's probably better in some ways.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4022.0,4025.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/904","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think for PEPFAR, having a country that was going fast like Kenya was helpful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4025.0,4031.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/905","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in securing additional resources. We ended up with a bit of a mish-mosh of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4031.0,4036.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/906","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people with different programs and doing it in different ways, because there was","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4036.0,4041.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/907","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"already such a broad range of NGO partners in Kenya. Other countries, like","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4041.0,4046.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/908","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Tanzania, I think did it much more -- everybody's going to do it the same way,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4046.0,4052.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/909","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and I think if you drew a graph, Kenya would go up faster, but ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4052.0,4057.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/910","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nTanzania over a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4057.0,4058.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/911","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"certain amount of time would get to the same point. That kind of standardized","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4058.0,4062.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/912","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"approach maybe would work better in the long run, but we were able to get a lot","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4062.0,4067.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/913","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"done fast. I think that was helpful for returns for the whole PEPFAR program.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4067.0,4071.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/914","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Do you think it controlled the epidemic more quickly, by virtue of the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4071.0,4075.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/915","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"rapid scale-up?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4075.0,4076.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/916","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I'm not sure. I don't even know exactly what the situation is in Kenya","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4076.0,4080.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/917","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"right now. I think that they're at a million and some on therapy, which is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4080.0,4084.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/918","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"crazy. For me, I think I told you this before, too, but at that early clinic we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4084.0,4089.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/919","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"had in Kisumu, we had three hundred and something people on treatment before","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4089.0,4093.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/920","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"PEPFAR started. We had gotten a call -- [Dr.] Elizabeth Marum got a call from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4093.0,4097.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/921","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"somebody from NIH [National Institutes of Health], saying, we'd like to help you","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4097.0,4101.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/922","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"start a clinic. She said I think we already have some people on treatment. Let","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4101.0,4105.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/923","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"me call Barb and find out. She called me, and she's on the phone to both of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4105.0,4110.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/924","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them. She says, yes, they have three hundred and some people on treatment. The","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4110.0,4114.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/925","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"NIH person was like, oh my gosh, that's some huge number. The idea that three","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4114.0,4118.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/926","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hundred ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4118.0,4118.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/927","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\npeople is a lot of people is ludicrous at this point, given the numbers,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4118.0,4126.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/928","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and even --I felt like we were going fast, but when I left Kenya, we were at","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4126.0,4135.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/929","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"about sixty-five thousand. That's peanuts compared to what has been achieved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4135.0,4141.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/930","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"since that time. It was, the slope of the curve was steep and it was -- even","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4141.0,4150.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/931","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that was enough to make that palpable difference, really, across the country in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4150.0,4157.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/932","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"terms of funeral frequency.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4157.0,4159.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/933","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Any other reflections on the experience in Kenya that come to mind?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4159.0,4166.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/934","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It was definitely the best job I've ever had. The idea that there's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4166.0,4174.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/935","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something you're very comfortable doing and you have the ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4174.0,4179.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/936","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nresources to do it,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4179.0,4180.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/937","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that's a pretty amazing situation to be in. It was also that Kenya's a beautiful","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4180.0,4185.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/938","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"country, and we had help in the house. Even though we were working hard, hard,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4185.0,4190.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/939","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hard, it was very gratifying work, and we didn't have to spend time cleaning the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4190.0,4195.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/940","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bathrooms and whatever and so --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4195.0,4197.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/941","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: How did your family do? How did the girls do?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4197.0,4201.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/942","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: There was a little tiny school in Kisumu. Things have all changed since","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4201.0,4206.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/943","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the post-election violence in 2007 and 2008, but there was a beautiful school","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4206.0,4211.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/944","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"with trees with weaverbirds. They both went there and learned everything we","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4211.0,4215.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/945","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"could have -- we expected we'd have to come back sooner for Emma to start","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4215.0,4220.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/946","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"school, but she was doing fine. She learned to read and everything, so it was a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4220.0,4226.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/947","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"good situation for them. Then we'd go -- I'd be in the hospital in the daytime","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4226.0,4232.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/948","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and then at night, (we'd) go down to the shores of Lake ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4232.0,4236.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/949","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nVictoria, and there","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4236.0,4237.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/950","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"would be hippos and gin and tonics. (We would) travel to the Maasai Mara","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4237.0,4243.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/951","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[National Reserve] and see cheetahs and leopards and whatever, so it was a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4243.0,4248.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/952","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"pretty spectacular opportunity for our family, I think.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4248.0,4251.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/953","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: You've done so many things, but I thought maybe we would conclude by","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4251.0,4257.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/954","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"talking a little bit about your experience as the lead of the Heavily Affected","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4257.0,4263.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/955","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Countries team and the International Task Force Emergency Response to the Ebola","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4263.0,4268.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/956","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Epidemic in West Africa, where CDC played quite a role. Can you tell us a little","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4268.0,4275.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/957","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"bit about what your role was in that position and briefly describe the epidemic?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4275.0,4281.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/958","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: I always smile when people ask me that, because I was down in Haiti and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4281.0,4288.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/959","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[Dr.] Mark Anderson called and said, can you do a rotation in the EOC? I just","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4288.0,4295.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/960","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"said yes, without asking questions.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4295.0,4297.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/961","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4297.0,4297.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/962","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nEOC being the Emergency Operations Center?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4297.0,4299.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/963","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: The Emergency Operations Center. I got there, and I said, okay, what's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4299.0,4303.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/964","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"my job? They said, you're going to lead the Heavily Affected Countries team on","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4303.0,4307.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/965","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the International Task Force. I go, okay, who is that? They go, that's your","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4307.0,4311.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/966","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"first problem. Essentially what had happened was the Viral Special Pathogens","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4311.0,4314.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/967","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people had deployed experts to the field for the initial part of the response,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4314.0,4318.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/968","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"but, of course, people couldn't stay there forever. They now needed plans for","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4318.0,4322.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/969","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"who was going to replace them. Essentially, my initial job was to find people","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4322.0,4326.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/970","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that would be willing to go out to each of these countries to coordinate CDC's","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4326.0,4331.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/971","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"efforts in the response. This is where twenty years of time at CDC really comes","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4331.0,4336.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/972","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in handy. For example, I called Jono (Mermin) and said, Jono, would you like to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4336.0,4341.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/973","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do it? I may have talked to my husband to see if he wanted to take a lead role.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4341.0,4347.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/974","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I called Kevin [De Cock]. (I called) everybody I knew that had the appropriate","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4347.0,4351.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/975","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"experience to maybe coordinate a team.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4351.0,4353.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/976","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Do you want to say a line or ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4353.0,4356.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/977","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ntwo about the epidemic? Just in a few","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4356.0,4360.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/978","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sentences, what was going on?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4360.0,4362.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/979","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: It started at the end of 2013, but it wasn't recognized until well into","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4362.0,4369.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/980","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"2014. Basically, Ebola hadn't happened in West Africa before. It had been","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4369.0,4374.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/981","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"present for quite some time before the diagnosis was made. CDC had been involved","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4374.0,4380.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/982","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"in the initial response but hadn't necessarily been involved in what turned out","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4380.0,4386.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/983","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to be a resurgence. We hadn't been invited back, and it was getting worse and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4386.0,4393.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/984","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"worse and worse. The world was watching, and nobody really -- I think in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4393.0,4399.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/985","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"general, people didn't take it as seriously as it needed to be taken. So it got","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4399.0,4406.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/986","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"worse and worse and worse, and eventually, CDC stepped up and took a big role in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4406.0,4413.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/987","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the response. The three countries declared disasters, and ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4413.0,4417.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/988","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nUSAID came in with","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4417.0,4418.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/989","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"resources. CDC assisted with that whole response, but it was --","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4418.0,4422.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/990","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: It ended up being about eleven thousand cases.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4422.0,4425.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/991","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Deaths. No, no: twenty-eight thousand cases and eleven thousand deaths.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4425.0,4429.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/992","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"An absolutely enormous epidemic. Our contributions to the response early on were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4429.0,4433.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/993","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just figuring out what to do and predicting what was going to happen and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4433.0,4438.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/994","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"tracking the epidemiology. I think we really shined-- or shone or whatever the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4438.0,4443.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/995","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"word is-- toward the end of the response, when what you really have to do is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4443.0,4449.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/996","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"find every last patient and make sure that every contact has been identified and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4449.0,4454.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/997","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"that those contacts have been monitored. CDC had some very important inputs into","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4454.0,4459.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/998","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"seeing to the end of the epidemic in all three countries. It was -- at the time,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4459.0,4465.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/999","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"it was the biggest response that CDC had ever done, and big by a landslide. (We","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4465.0,4471.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1000","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"were) finding the people to do the response and dealing with ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4471.0,4475.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1001","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nissues like making","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4475.0,4476.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1002","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"sure that we had plans for medical evacuation if somebody needed that, and then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4476.0,4481.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1003","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"just coordinating the efforts in a situation where nobody had really done this","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4481.0,4486.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1004","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"before. (We were) figuring out what to do and how to communicate that back to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4486.0,4491.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1005","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"the agency head and up to the White House. That was-- it was really just a","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4491.0,4497.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1006","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"coordination job from my perspective: find the people that would go and keep in","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4497.0,4502.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1007","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"touch with them as teams, maybe pass down some advice about what to do, not so","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4502.0,4508.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1008","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"much from me but from Ebola experts and others. Then gather the information from","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4508.0,4513.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1009","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"them to feed up here. I went for thirty days, but I ended up staying for two and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4513.0,4519.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1010","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"something years. Then the work of assisting the countries with recovery of their","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4519.0,4524.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1011","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"public health capacity after the epidemic was something that was very familiar","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4524.0,4528.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1012","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"to me based on experience in Haiti. I ended up having that role until we were","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4528.0,4534.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1013","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"able to essentially work ourselves out of a ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4534.0,4537.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1014","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\njob, and those countries ended up","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4537.0,4539.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1015","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"being handled more like all the countries were getting supported.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4539.0,4543.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1016","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Can you comment on CDC's role here in terms of what CDC brought to the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4543.0,4549.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1017","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"table, to the experience?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4549.0,4551.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1018","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: For Ebola? Yes, again, I think, obviously, laboratory or standard","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4551.0,4555.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1019","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stuff, so surveillance, (which was) not without its challenges. Surveillance is","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4555.0,4559.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1020","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"hard in a situation like that, but we did a lot of work to try and track the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4559.0,4566.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1021","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"epidemic and offered a lot of laboratory testing. I think the field epi","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4566.0,4571.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1022","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"[epidemiology] was the thing that we brought that was the most important. Then","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4571.0,4576.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1023","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"after the epidemic, (we were) helping them to stand up their surveillance","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4576.0,4581.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1024","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"systems more generally, helping to build laboratory capacity, making sure that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4581.0,4585.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1025","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there were people trained in epidemiology. All three countries have field","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4585.0,4589.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1026","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"epidemiology training programs now. Tremendous progress.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4589.0,4591.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1027","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"We wrote a paper about it that explained that, even though that kind of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4591.0,4596.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1028","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"capacity-building ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4596.0,4596.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1029","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\ngenerally speaking takes years, you can do it faster under","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4596.0,4599.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1030","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"some circumstances, and this was one. Maybe a couple of the reasons are that one","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4599.0,4604.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1031","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of the things you need to make public health progress is you have to have","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4604.0,4609.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1032","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"stakeholders who believe that it's important, not just the people in the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4609.0,4613.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1033","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Ministry of Health, but the President of the country or whatever. You want the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4613.0,4618.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1034","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"President to understand the importance of public health. An Ebola epidemic will","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4618.0,4622.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1035","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"do that, and so we had everybody on board. We had developed relationships, very","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4622.0,4627.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1036","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"close relationships with our counterparts in the Ministries of Health. We were,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4627.0,4631.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1037","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think, very well positioned to support that kind of rapid expansion of","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4631.0,4636.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1038","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"surveillance and laboratory capacity. It was a pretty exciting time. Prior to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4636.0,4640.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1039","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"this epidemic, CDC's presence in West Africa had been pretty limited. Not zero:","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4640.0,4645.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1040","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"there was the field station in Côte d'Ivoire, and we had activities in Senegal","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4645.0,4650.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1041","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"and Nigeria, but these three countries in particular didn't have a ton of CDC","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4650.0,4655.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1042","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"presence. We do ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4655.0,4656.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1043","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"\nnow. I think that's good.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4656.0,4658.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1044","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MILLER: Parallels have been drawn between response to the Ebola epidemic and the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4658.0,4663.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1045","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"AIDS. Do you want to comment on that at all? Did you draw on some of your","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4663.0,4670.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1046","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"experience in addressing AIDS in the early years?","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4670.0,4673.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1047","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Sure. I think Ebola felt to me like the HIV epidemic on fast-forward.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4673.0,4679.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1048","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"There was a lot of the same things, like (it) couldn't really be and then oh, it","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4679.0,4686.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1049","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"is. Then we need to do something, right, but (at first, we were) a little bit","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4686.0,4692.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1050","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"slow to it and then an aggressive response. (It was) very stigmatizing for the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4692.0,4698.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1051","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"people that had Ebola. I think maybe the closest parallels beyond that","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4698.0,4703.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1052","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"fast-forward thing, we did some work trying to test -- especially in the course","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4703.0,4709.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1053","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"of this epidemic, that Ebola can persist in the semen of male survivors and","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4709.0,4715.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1054","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"maybe in some other places in survivors. 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You're asking","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4721.0,4727.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1057","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"somebody who'd survived Ebola to come in and provide a semen sample to be tested","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4727.0,4733.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1058","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"for Ebola and then to give back the results. 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We ended up tapping","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4745.0,4750.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1061","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"into some people with really strong experience in the HIV counseling and testing","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4750.0,4755.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1062","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"realm to do that kind of testing and counseling for the Ebola survivors.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4755.0,4760.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1063","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"I think (there were parallels) in terms of its devastation and its ability to","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4760.0,4766.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1064","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"highlight the stark disparities between the well-resourced world and the","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4766.0,4770.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1065","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"under-resourced world. 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We can train them but, by the way, they","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4784.0,4795.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1069","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"don't have gloves. You're going to have to start with getting some gloves there,","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4795.0,4804.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1070","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"too, and people just can't -- I think it was hard for people to really picture","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4804.0,4815.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1071","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"what the circumstances were. 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This has been terrific.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4827.0,4835.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1074","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Thank you so much.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4835.0,4838.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1075","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"MARSTON: Thank you.","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4838.0,4840.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/transcript/69528/annotation/1076","type":"Annotation","motivation":"transcribing","body":{"type":"TextualBody","value":"34 ","format":"text/plain"},"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=4840.0,4841.0"}]},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/index/85093","type":"AnnotationPage","label":{"en":["content172427546920240821-522984-d2svym.xml [English] [Index]"]},"items":[{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/index/85093/annotation/1077","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Background/Education ","format":"text/plain","label":{"en":["Title"]}}],"target":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048#t=118.0,465.0"},{"id":"https://globalhealthchronicles.aviaryplatform.com/collections/2847/collection_resources/134261/file/249048/index/85093/annotation/1078","type":"Annotation","motivation":"supplementing","body":[{"type":"TextualBody","value":"Dr. Marston discusses her educational background and her doctoral residence experience treating patients with AIDS.  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